拮抗柑桔致病菌的放线菌筛选及其活性物质分析  

Screening of antagonistic actinomycetes against citrus pathogens and analysis of their active substances

作　　者：章帅文 吴庆华 黄国昌[1] 顾斌涛[1] 熊大维[1] ZHANG Shuaiwen;WU Qinghua;HUANG Guochang;GU Bintao;XIONG Dawei(Institute of Microbiology,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi,330096,China;Convenience Service Center of Liancheng Township,Linchuan District,Fuzhou City,Jiangxi,344117,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院微生物研究所,南昌330096 [2]江西省抚州市临川区连城乡便民服务中心,江西抚州344117

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期25-30,36,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：江西省科技计划项目(20203BBFL630);江西省科学院重点研发项目(2023YSBG22011)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选出防治柑桔病害的菌株,以柑桔果实采后危害最大的病原意大利青霉为指示病原菌,利用平板梯度稀释法从土壤中分离出具有拮抗作用的放线菌,通过形态学观察和16S rDNA测序鉴定该菌株,进一步对该菌株所产抑菌活性物质的稳定性分析。结果表明,从土壤中筛选获得对意大利青霉菌的抑菌圈直径达到(16.69±1.74)mm的浑圆链霉菌菌株tz13,菌株tz13所产抑菌活性物质对温度、紫外线、酸和弱碱都有较强的耐受性,同时对引起柑桔果实采后另一种重要病原微生物——指状青霉及其他植物病原真菌(辣椒疫病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌、水稻纹枯病菌和烟草黑胫病菌)具有抑制作用。菌株tz13在防治柑桔病害方面具有商用开发价值。To screen strains for the prevention and control of citrus diseases,the most harmful pathogen to post-harvest citrus fruits,Penicillium italicum,was used as an indicator pathogen.An antagonistic actinomycete was isolated from soil using a plate gradient dilution method.The strain was identified through morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis,and stability analysis of the antibacterial active substances produced by the strain was further conducted.The results showed that a strain of Streptomyces globosus tz13 was selected from the soil with an inhibition zone diameter of 16.69±1.74 mm to Penicillium italicum.The antibacterial substances of strain tz13 had strong tolerance to temperature,ultraviolet t light,acid,and weak alkali.Additionally,it displayed inhibitory effects on another important post-harvest pathogen of citrus fruits:Penicillium digitatum,as well as other plant pathogenic fungi(such as Phytophthora capsici,Fusarrium oxysporum f.sp.niveum,Rhizoctonia solani and Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae).These findings indicated that strain tz13 had commercial development value in control of citrus diseases.

关 键 词：意大利青霉 拮抗 放线菌 浑圆链霉菌 抑菌活性物质 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.66[农业科学—植物保护]