广西产区柑桔溃疡病和柑桔全爪螨同治降本增效技术研究  

Study on the techniques for control of both citrus canker and citrus red mite in Guangxi with cost reduction and efficiency enhancement

作　　者：刘吉敏[1,6] 秦原原 黄其椿 黄光耀[4] 陆宇 韦丽荣 邓铁军 张宏宇[6] LIU Jimin;QIN Yuanyuan;HUANG Qichun;HUANG Guangyao;LU Yu;WEI Lirong;DENG Tiejun;ZHANG Hongyu(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests/Guangxi Citrus Huanglongbing Prevention and Control Engineering Technology Research Center/Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China;Shandong Jiaqi Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong,250100,China;Horticultural Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi,530007,China;Qinzhou Plant Protection Station,Qinzhou,Guangxi,535000,China;Mengshan Town Agriculture and Rural Comprehensive Service Center,Mengshan County,Wuzhou,Guangxi,546700,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei,430070,China)

机构地区：[1]广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室/广西柑桔黄龙病防控工程技术研究中心/广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所,南宁530007 [2]山东伽奇生物技术有限公司,济南250100 [3]广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,南宁530007 [4]钦州市植物保护站,广西钦州535000 [5]蒙山县蒙山镇农业农村综合服务中心,广西梧州546700 [6]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期31-36,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西柑桔创新团队“栽培与病虫害防治”岗位功能专家(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-05-02);广西蒙山沙糖桔试验站(TS2022008);广西特色作物试验站(桂TS202201);广西柑桔黄龙病防控工程技术研究中心(桂农科2023YM82)项目资助。

摘　　要：柑桔全爪螨(俗称红蜘蛛)和柑桔溃疡病是广西沃柑生产上防控用药量最大的两种病虫害。为探索同时防治这两种病虫害的综合技术方案,从而达到降本增效的目的,设计了99%矿物油乳油∶77%氢氧化铜可湿性粉剂∶80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂=5∶1∶2混配的“油铜锰方案”,并且3—7月在田间开展丰田FT-18型背负式电动喷雾器人工喷雾、极目EA-30XP农业无人机常量飞防和推荐施药量减量30%飞防不同施药方式的对比试验。试验表明,采用“油锰铜方案”防治柑桔红蜘蛛和柑桔溃疡病时,常量飞防和减量飞防的防治效果不低于人工喷雾,有些时期甚至更好。“油锰铜方案”减量飞防对柑桔红蜘蛛的防治效果最高可达97.71%,对柑桔溃疡病的防治效果可达98.57%。“油锰铜方案”减量飞防可实现“一高三减”的效果,即每小时10×667 m^(2)的高施药工效、减少用水量94%、减少人工成本33.33%和减少农药使用量37.5%。“油锰铜方案”减量飞防能有效解决广西沃柑产区柑桔溃疡病、柑桔红蜘蛛“一病一虫”施药难、防治效果差和防治成本高的难题,可在地势平坦的柑桔产区大面积推广应用。Control of citrus red mite and citrus canker are the largest application of pesticides in Orah production in Guangxi.To explore the integrated control plan for control of both pest and disease at the same time to reduce cost and improve efficiency,a plan of 99%mineral oil:77%copper hydroxide:80%mancozeb=5:1:2 was designed.Comparison test of Toyota FT-18 backpack type electric sprayer for manual spraying,Jimu EA-30XP agricultural UAV for aerial control with normal dosage and aerial control with 30%of reduced dosage of recommendation was carried out in field from March to July.The results showed that the aerial control effect of normal dosage and reduced dosage was not less than that of manual spray,sometimes was even better.The best control efficiency of aerial control with reduced dosage could reach 97.71%for citrus red mite and 98.57%for citrus canker.The designed plan with reduced dosage by aerial control could achieve the effect of‘one high,three reduction’,with high efficiency of chemical application of 10×667 m^(2) per hour,reduction of water use by 94%,reduction of labor cost by 33.33%and reduction of pesticides amount by 37.5%.This plan could effectively solve the problems of difficulties in pesticide application,poor control efficiency,high cost in preventing citrus canker and citrus red mites in citrus production areas in Guangxi,and can be widely promoted and applied in flat terrain citrus production areas.

关 键 词：植保无人机 柑桔溃疡病 柑桔全爪螨 降本增效 综合治理 广西 

分 类 号：S436.66[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]