脆蜜金柑喷施噻苯隆保果的残留研究  

Study on the residue of thidiazuron in Cuimi kumquat fruit after spraying thidiazuron for fruit-protection

作　　者：廖向明 淳长品[2] 黄祖全 邓光宙 吴齐仟 LIAO Xiangmin;CHUN Changpin;HUANG Zuquan;DENG Guangzhou;WU Qiqian(Kumquat Research Institute of Rong’an County/Agricultural Science Research Institute of Rong’an County,Rongan,Guangxi,545499,China;Citrus Research institute,Southwest University,Chongqing,400712,China;Plant Protection and Inspection Station of Rong’an County,Rong’an,Guangxi,545499,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi/Guangxi Research Center of Citrus Breeding and Culture/Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops,Guilin,Guangxi,541010,China)

机构地区：[1]融安县金桔研究所/融安县农业科学研究所,广西融安545400 [2]西南大学柑桔研究所,重庆400712 [3]融安县植保植检站,广西融安545400 [4]广西桂北特色经济作物种质创新与利用实验室/广西柑桔育种与栽培技术创新中心/广西特色作物研究院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期50-54,共5页South China Fruits

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21196047);广西特色作物试验站“十四五”建设项目(TS202132)资助。

摘　　要：噻苯隆是脆蜜金柑生产上常用的保花保果剂,其残留风险未知。为探明噻苯隆在脆蜜金柑上使用后的残留和降解变化规律,使用6种浓度(5.00、2.50、1.66、1.25、1.00和0.83 mg/kg)的噻苯隆混合配方(同时加赤霉酸13.3 mg/kg、复硝酚钠9.5 mg/kg)在脆蜜金柑谢花盛期开始进行树冠喷施,连喷3次,间隔6~8 d喷一次,于末次喷施后1、3、5、7、9、12、17、25、35和105 d分10批次采集果实样品检测残留。结果表明,末次施药后3 d时所有处理果实的噻苯隆残留量已经低于0.05 mg/kg(国家标准规定在番茄、黄瓜、苹果、葡萄、鲜枣、甜瓜类水果等6种农产品中的最大残留量),末次施药后35 d生产上常用浓度(1.25 mg/kg)处理的果实噻苯隆残留已经低于0.001 mg/kg,末次施药后105 d各处理果实噻苯隆残留量均低于0.0003 mg/kg、无法检出,末次施药后145 d采收上市的果实不存在食品安全风险;噻苯隆1.0 mg/kg使用3次或1.25 mg/kg使用2次即可能对脆蜜金柑幼果、叶片和树体健康造成伤害。脆蜜金柑生产上采用噻苯隆保花保果时,建议使用浓度以1.0 mg/kg左右为宜,使用次数不超过3次,施药第一、二次间隔期6~8 d,第二、三次间隔7~10 d。Thidiazuron is a commonly used flower and fruit protection agent in the production of Cuimi kumquat,and its residual risk is unknown.In order to explore the residual and degradation changes of thidiazuron in Cuimi kumquat fruits after application,6 concentrations(5.00,2.50,1.66,1.25,1.00 and 0.83 mg/kg)of thidiazuron mixed with gibberelic acid 13.3 mg/kg and sodium nitrophenolate 9.5 mg/kg were used for crown spraying of Cuimi kumquat from the full-bloom stage with three times continuously spraying at an interval of 6-8 days.Fruit samples were collected in 10 batches at 1,3,5,7,9,12,17,25,35 and 105 days after the last spraying for residue detection.The results showed that the thidiazuron residues in the treated fruits at 3 days after the last application were lower than the threshold of maximum residue(0.05 mg/kg)specified in the relevant national standards.The thidiazuron residues in the fruits treated with the commonly used concentration of 1.25 mg/kg in production were lower than 0.001 mg/kg at 35 days after the last application.The thidiazuron residues in the fruits treated with the commonly used concentration(1.25 mg/kg)in production were lower than 0.0003 mg/kg at 105 days after the last application and could not be detected.There was no food safety risk in the fruits harvested for marketing at 130 days after the last application.However,the use of 1.0 mg/kg thidiazuron for 3 times or 1.25 mg/kg for 2 times may cause damage to the young fruits,leaves and growth of the trees of Cuimi kumquat.When thidiazuron is used to protect flowers and fruits,it is recommended to use a concentration of about 1.0 mg/kg and spraying for no more than 3 times.The interval between the first and second applications,the second and third applications were 6-8 days,7-10 days,respectively.

关 键 词：噻苯隆 脆蜜金柑 保果 残留 

分 类 号：S481.8[农业科学—农药学]