十堰猕猴桃溃疡病病原鉴定及防治试验  

Identification of kiwifruit canker pathogen in Shiyan City and its control

作　　者：蔡高磊 周炀 张含 常威 任娇 曹立勇 汪华[2] CAI Gaolei;ZHOU Yang;ZHANG Han;CHANG Wei;REN Jiao;CAO Liyong;WANG Hua(Shiyan Ecological Agriculture Research Institute of Danjiangkou Reservoir Area,Shiyan,Hubei,442000,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei,430064,China;College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Hanjiang Normal University,Shiyan,Hubei,442000,China;Shiyan Dashanshu Planting Farmer’s Professional Cooperatives,Shiyan,Hubei,442000,China)

机构地区：[1]丹江口库区十堰生态农业研究院,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [3]汉江师范学院化学与环境工程学院,湖北十堰442000 [4]十堰大杉树种植农民专业合作社,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期148-156,共9页South China Fruits

基　　金：主要经济作物重要及新成灾病害绿色综合防控技术(2019YFD1002000);湖北省科技厅乡村振兴科技支撑项目(2022BBA133)资助。

摘　　要：由丁香假单胞菌猕猴桃致病变种侵染引起的猕猴桃溃疡病严重影响了各地猕猴桃的生长。为明确鄂西北猕猴桃溃疡病病原形态及生物型,筛选合适的杀菌剂,探索避雨栽培对病害的控制效果,为防治病害提供科学依据,采用形态学和分子生物学技术鉴定猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌及生物型,使用抑菌圈法筛选15种杀菌剂对其抑制效果,调查避雨栽培和露天不同情况下猕猴桃溃疡病的发病率、病情指数和防治效果。结果表明,通过形态特征、16S rDNA及特异性引物鉴定到的菌株K-2为Pseudomonas syringae,生物型为biovar 3。室内毒力测试筛选到7种药剂对猕猴桃溃疡病菌有抑制效果,避雨栽培对猕猴桃溃疡病菌的防治效果可以达到58.06%,通过在避雨栽培下施用50%氯溴异氰尿酸可溶粉剂防治猕猴桃溃疡病,防治效果高达83.87%,说明避雨栽培对猕猴桃溃疡病具有较好的防治效果。Kiwifruit bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)seriously influences the growth of kiwifruit plants in many areas.To determine the pathogen morphology and biovars in northwest of Hubei Province,and screen the effective fungicides,explore the control effect of rain-shelter cultivation,so as to provide scientific basis for control the disease,the pathogen and biovar were identified through morphological and molecular biology techniques.The inhibition zone method was used to test the inhibitory effect of 15 pesticides on Psa.The incidence rate,disease index and control effect of Psa were investigated and compared under rain-shelter and outdoor cultivation.The results showed that the strain K-2 was identified as Psa and biovar 3 using the morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA and specific primer.Seven pesticides had inhibition effect on Psa by indoor toxicity test.The control effect of rain-shelter cultivation on Psa was 58.06%,and reached 83.87%with application of 50%Chloroisobromine-cyanuric-acid SP under rain-shelter cultivation,which indicated that the rain-shelter cultivation had better control effect on kiwifruit bacterial canker.

关 键 词：猕猴桃溃疡病 丁香假单胞菌猕猴桃致病变种 避雨栽培 防治效果 

分 类 号：S436.634.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]