云南澳洲坚果青皮资源堆肥化开发利用现状与对策  

Current situation and countermeasures of exploration and application of macadamia green husk composting in Yunnan Province

作　　者：张海清 郭刚军[1,2] 叶廷红 陶亮 李婷玉[1,2] 吴超 贺熙勇 ZHANG Haiqing;GUO Gangjun;YE Tinghong;TAO Liang;LI Tingyu;WU Chao;HE Xiyong(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong,Yunnan,666100,China;Yunnan Agricultural Engineering Research Center for Macadamia,Jinghong,Yunnan,666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100 [2]云南省澳洲坚果农业工程研究中心,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2024年第4期259-264,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AE090006);云南省乡村振兴科技专项(202104BI090004);云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RF2024-7);云南省热带作物科学研究所自立项目(TITC2023-1);云南省农业联合专项(202301BD070001-258);“兴滇英才支持计划”;“雨林英才支持计划”资助。

摘　　要：云南省是世界上最大的澳洲坚果种植区,产量及产地采后加工已形成规模。青皮是澳洲坚果初加工过程中的废弃物,鲜青皮质量占鲜果质量的1/2左右,数量庞大,其二次开发利用的价值正被逐步挖掘。结合云南省打造世界一流“绿色食品牌”发展规划需要,将青皮堆肥化创制有机肥应用于澳洲坚果种植,实现资源高效循环利用,构建绿色可持续发展的生态链是当前青皮资源化开发应用的研究热点。本文分析了云南澳洲坚果主产区青皮资源产生量,及堆肥化开发利用现状,总结青皮堆肥开发应用中存在的问题,提出澳洲坚果青皮堆肥化绿色高效可持续发展策略。Yunnan Province is the largest macadamia growing region in the world,and the production and post-harvest processing have formed a large scale.Green husk is the waste in the processing of macadamia nuts,accounting for about half of the fresh fruit weight,and is in huge quantity.The value of its secondary development and utilization is being gradually explored.Combining with the need of building Yunnan Province Green Food Brand strategy,application of organic fertilizer made from composted green husk to macadamia orchard,realizing highly efficient recycling of resources,and constructing ecological chain of green and sustainable development are the research hotspot in development and application of green husk.The production of macadamia green husk raw materials,the current situation of development and utilization of green husk resources composting were analyzed.Problems in the development and utilization of green husk composting were summarized and the strategy of green,efficient and sustainable development and application of green husk composting was proposed.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 青皮 废弃物 堆肥 资源化利用 高效循环 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]