细胞外基质:毒蛇咬伤致局部组织损伤的治疗新靶点  

Extracellular matrix:a new therapeutic target for local tissue damage caused by snake bites

作　　者：李玉梅 杨悦 易军[3] 严张仁[3] 王万春[3] 董德刚[2] LI Yumei;YANG Yue;YI Jun;YAN Zhangren;WANG Wanchun;DONG Degang(Graduate School,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China;Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学研究生院,江西南昌330004 [2]江西中医药大学中医学院,江西南昌330004 [3]江西中医药大学附属医院中医外科,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2024年第7期1324-1330,共7页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(No.81360288,No.81960874,No.82260937);江西省自然科学基金重点项目(No.20202ACB206010);江西省2023年度研究生创新专项资金项目(No.YC2023-B230);江西中医药大学首批科技创新团队资助项目(No.CXTD22009)。

摘　　要：毒蛇咬伤具有发病急、病情变化迅速、致残率及死亡率高等特点。毒素螯入对人体的影响分为全身性和局部毒化作用,目前抗蛇毒血清的普及大大降低了毒蛇咬伤的死亡率,但局部组织损伤及遗留的永久性功能障碍仍是亟待解决的问题。研究发现,蛇毒金属蛋白酶、透明质酸酶、磷脂酶等毒素通过干扰细胞外基质(ECM)的降解和重塑参与多种局部病理效应的发生。本文对ECM与毒蛇咬伤局部组织损伤发展过程的相关机制进行综述,以期寻找有效的治疗靶点,为毒蛇咬伤所致局部组织损伤的临床研究和防治工作提供参考和思路。Snake bites are characterized by acute onset,rapid changes in condition,and high disability and mortality rates.The effects of snake venom on the human body are divided into systemic and local toxic effects.The popularity of antivenom has greatly reduced the mortality of snake bites,but local tissue damage and permanent dysfunction are still problems to be solved urgently.Studies have found that snake venom metalloproteinases,hyaluronidases,phospholipases and other venoms participate in a variety of local pathological effects by interfering with the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix(ECM).This article reviews the mechanism of ECM in the development of local tissue damage caused by snake bites,in order to find effective therapeutic targets and provide reference and ideas for the clinical research and prevention of local tissue damage caused by snake bites.

关 键 词：毒蛇咬伤 细胞外基质 局部组织损伤 出血 肌毒性 

分 类 号：R992[医药卫生—毒理学] R459.7[医药卫生—药学] R363