150 t单水口钢包出钢过程汇流旋涡影响因素研究  

Study on the influence factors of vortex formation during teeming for a 150 t single-nozzle ladle

作　　者：贾星宇 赵烁 汤群伟 陈刚 李伟涛 唐海燕[1] 张家泉[1] JIA Xingyu;ZHAO Shuo;TANG Qunwei;CHEN Gang;LI Weitao;TANG Haiyan;ZHANG Jiaquan(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Technical Centre of Weifang Special Steel Group.,Ltd.,Weifang 261000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]潍坊特钢集团有限公司技术中心,山东潍坊261000

出　　处：《炼钢》2024年第4期65-73,共9页Steelmaking

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874033)。

摘　　要：钢包浇注末期,钢液在科氏力和自身初始状态的作用下会产生汇流旋涡,其成为控制钢包下渣和提高钢水收得率的瓶颈问题。以某钢厂150 t单水口钢包为原型,基于相似原理,制作了相似比为1∶3.5的钢包物理模型,首先探究了水口偏心率对浇注末期汇流旋涡的影响程度与机制,获得了适宜的水口位置后研究了钢包静置时间、阻旋装置、底搅拌工艺等控流措施对偏心率为0.83的钢包汇流旋涡的作用效果。结果表明,让钢包内形成非对称流场可以抑制旋涡的发展。当钢包静置时间小于45 min时,旋涡产生和贯通高度随静置时间的延长变化不明显;但当静置时间超过45 min时,旋涡起旋高度明显增加、贯通高度明显降低。另外,在此偏心率下,设置阻旋装置和增添底吹搅拌操作均不能抑制旋涡,但在旋涡起旋时短暂关闭水口会延缓旋涡的进一步发展。At the end of ladle teeming,the molten steel will produce confluence vortex under the action of the Coriolis force and its own initial state,which becomes a bottleneck for controlling ladle slagging and enhancing molten steel yield.Taking a 150 t single-nozzle ladle in a steel plant as a prototype,a physical model of the ladle with a similarity ratio of 1∶3.5 was established based on the principle of similarity,and the influence degree and mechanism of the nozzle eccentricity on the confluence vortex at the end of teeming were first explored,then the effects of the ladle standing time,the anti-vortex device and the bottom stirring process,and other flow-control measures on the confluence vortex in the ladle with an eccentricity of 0.83 were investigated.The results show that the formation of asymmetric flow field in the ladle can inhibit the development of vortex.When the standing time of the ladle is less than 45 min,the change of the formation height and penetration height of vortexis are not obvious with the extended standing time,but when the standing time is more than 45 min,the formation height of vortex increases significantly and the penetration height decreases obviously.In addition,at an eccentricity of 0.83,neither the installation of anti-vortex device nor the addition of bottom blowing stirring operation can suppress the vortex,but closing the nozzle briefly during vortex initiation can delay the subsequent development of the vortex.

关 键 词：钢包 汇流旋涡 偏心率 底吹搅拌 水口关闭 

分 类 号：TF777[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]