中国集体林权制度改革:2012年以来的新进展与40余年的典型事实分析  

China's reform of collective forestland tenure:new progresses since 2012 and stylized facts over the past 40 years

作　　者：刘璨 康子昊 朱文清 张永亮 魏晓霞 张连刚 LIU Can;KANG Zihao;ZHU Wenqing;ZHANG Yongliang;WEI Xiaoxia;ZHANG Liangang(College of Economics and Management,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224;China National Forestry-Grassland Development Research Center,Beijing 100714;Academy of Forest and Grassland Inventory and Planning,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学经济管理学院,昆明650224 [2]国家林业和草原局发展研究中心,北京100714 [3]国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京100714

出　　处：《林业经济》2024年第5期5-23,共19页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“改革开放40年来我国集体林产权制度改革及相关林业政策对农户林业生产要素配置及其收入影响研究”(71873043)。

摘　　要：集体林权制度改革(下文简称集体林改)是中国改革开放以来集体林区改革与发展的主旋律。40余年来,中国政府启动了多轮集体林改,取得了较好进展。在已有研究基础上,基于国家林业和草原局发布的典型案例、国家林业和草原局发展研究中心集体林权研究团队的实地调研访谈案例,文章采用叙事分析法,重点梳理了2012年以来集体林改新进展,界定与分析40余年的集体林改典型事实。研究结果显示:(1)集体林地“三权分置”明确了新时代集体林改的方向与基本思路,集体林地“三权分置”与金融创新促进了适度规模经营和林业生态产品价值的实现;(2)40余年的集体林改典型事实表现为集体林权呈现出多样性、背景条件至关重要、经济逻辑与政治逻辑并重、频繁产权制度变迁难以形成稳定经营预期、在规模大与小之间来回摆动、制度间匹配差、长短期绩效差异明显、信息不对称严重、市场和政府边界不清等特征。文章可能的边际学术贡献为:(1)采用叙事分析法研究了2012年以来集体林改的动力机制及其新进展;(2)明确了40余年来集体林改的典型事实。在后续集体林改中,应稳步推进,增强集体林经营主体的林改成果获得感,实现生态美和百姓富的有机统一。The reform of collective forestland tenure has been the main theme of the reform and development in collective forest areas since China's Open-up policy.Over the past 40 years,Chinese government has initiated several rounds of the reform of collective forestland tenure and made good progresses.On the basis of existing research,based on the typical cases released by National Forestry and Grassland Administration and the field research interview cases from the collective forest right research team of China National Forestry-Grassland Development Research Center,this paper adopted the narrative analysis method to sort out the progresses of the reform of collective forestland tenure since 2012,defined and analyzed the stylized facts of the reform of collective forestland tenure over the past 40 years.The results showed that:(1)The"separating the ownership rights,contract rights and management rights"for collective forestland had clarified the direction and basic idea of the reform of collective forestland tenure in the new era,and the"separating the ownershiprights,contract rights and management rights"for collective forestland and financial innovation had promoted the moderate scale management of collective forestland and the realization of forestry ecological product value.(2)The stylized facts of the reform of collective forestland tenure over the past 40 years were characterized by the following:diversity of collective forest rights,critical background conditions,equal emphasis on economic and political logics,frequent property right system changes that made it difficult to form stable business expectations,swinging back and forth between large and small scales,poor matching between systems,obvious differences in short-term and long-term performances,serious information asymmetry,and unclear boundaries between the market and the government,etc.The marginal academic contribution of this paper were as follows:(1)The narrative analysis method was used to analyze the driving mechanism of the reform of collective fore

关 键 词：集体林改 产权 典型事实 制度变迁 

分 类 号：F326.2[经济管理—产业经济]