不同质量等级零余子作种对南城淮山产量和品质的影响  

Effects of different mass bulbils on yield and quality of Nancheng Huaishan

作　　者：林佳丽 孙静宇 汪生林 方宇帆 陈欣[1] 周庆红[1] 黄英金[1] 单楠 LIN Jiali;SUN Jingyu;WANG Shenglin;FANG Yufan;CHEN Xin;ZHOU Qinghong;HUANG Yingjin;SHAN Nan(Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Vegetable Cultivation and Utilization,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学蔬菜高质高效栽培及利用江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第4期894-901,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划重点项目(20201BBF61002、20232BBF60007);江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20224BAB205024)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同质量等级零余子作种对江西省地方名优山药品种南城淮山块茎产量和品质的影响,为南城淮山提纯复壮和高质高效栽培提供理论参考依据。【方法】以南城淮山段子(CK)及不同质量等级(≤2 g、2~4 g、4~6 g、≥6 g)的零余子作种,考察南城淮山块茎单株块茎重、块茎长度和产量,测定分析块茎可溶性蛋白、还原糖、纤维素、可溶性糖和淀粉等营养成分,以及钠、镁、钾、钙、铁、锰、锌、铜、硼等矿物质元素含量。【结果】随零余子质量增加,其单株块茎重、块茎长度及产量显著增加,且显著高于对照,6 g及6 g以上零余子作种的块茎商品薯率为90.00%,单位面积(667 m^(2))平均产量较对照增产48.72%;块茎可溶性蛋白、还原糖、纤维素、可溶性糖和淀粉等营养成分的含量随零余子质量的增加而升高,不同矿物质元素含量随着零余子质量等级增大而增加,6 g及6 g以上零余子生产的块茎中矿物质含量最高。【结论】与传统块茎留种相比,零余子作种可以改善南城淮山的产量和品质,具有显著的提纯复壮作用,6 g及6 g以上零余子可直接作为生产用种,对南城淮山种源选择和标准化生产提供了一定的理论依据。[Objective]The research aims to study the effects of bulbils with different quality grade as seed tuber on the yield and quality of local yam variety Nancheng Huaishan in Jiangxi Province,thus providing theoretical basis for purification and efficient cultivation.[Method]The tuber weight,tuber length,and yield per plant of Nancheng Huaishan tuber(CK)were investigated with bulbil of different quality grades(≤2 g,2-4 g,4-6 g,≥6 g).The contents of nutrients such as soluble protein,reducing sugar,cellulose,soluble sugar,and starch were determined and analyzed.Furthermore,the content of sodium,magnesium,potassium,calcium,iron,manganese,zinc,copper,boron,and other mineral elements was also investigated.[Result]The weight and length of tubers,as well as the yield per plant,were significantly increased as the seed mass increased.The rate of commercial tuber was the highest,reaching 90.00%,and the yield per unit area increasing by 48.72%when the bulbil weight was above 6 g.Meanwhile,the content of soluble protein,reducing sugar,cellulose,soluble sugar,starch,and other nutrients were accumulated in bulbils with different quality grades,as did the content of various mineral elements,and the highest mineral content was observed in the bulbil above 6 g.[Conclusion]The bulbils of Nancheng Huaishan as seed tuber,especially the bulbil above 6 g,could significantly improve the yield and quality compared with the traditional tuber retention,which had important roles in the purification and rejuvenation of yam.This study could provide a theoretical basis for provenance selection and standardized production of Nancheng Huaishan.

关 键 词：南城淮山 零余子 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]