红豆草种子物理-化学法协同破眠机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of physical-chemical synergy sleep breaking machine for sainfoin seeds

作　　者：陈帅康 孙步功 郑小宝 祁渊 CHEN Shuaikang;SUN Bugong;ZHENG Xiaobao;QI Yuan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第4期1052-1065,共14页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51965002)。

摘　　要：【目的】种子因硬实而产生的休眠现象会导致种子晚发芽或不发芽,影响种子区域化专业化生产。红豆草作为典型的硬实豆科牧草种子,有很高的休眠率。为解除种子休眠、提高种子发芽率,使种子苗齐苗壮。研究采用物理-化学协同破眠的方法,设计双辊挤压摩擦与化学液浸泡相结合的破眠机,实现物理-化学破眠方法协同作业。【方法】以种子发芽率为试验指标,开展物理-化学法结合试验,确定种子发芽影响因素,验证物理-化学法协同破眠的可行性。【结果】利用EDEM、ANSYS和Design-Expert等分析软件分析得到发芽率影响显著性的因素依次为研磨辊粗糙度、浸泡时长、研磨缝隙、研磨辊转速和浸泡液浓度;最优工作参数为:研磨缝隙2.5 mm、研磨辊转速1.4 m/s、研磨辊粗糙度设200目、浸泡液浓度15%、浸泡时长90 min。【结论】通过标准发芽试验对比发现物理-化学法协同破眠机处理后的红豆草发芽率均值为93.18%,与拟合函数优化结果一致,证明物理-化学法协同破眠的设计可靠性与高效性。[Objective]The dormancy phenomenon caused by seed hardness will lead to late germination or no germination of seeds,which will affect the regionalized and specialized production of seeds.As a typical solid leguminous forage grass seed,sainfoin seed has a high dormancy rate.This study aims to to relieve seed dormancy,improve its germination rate,and make the seeds grow strong.[Method]In this study,the method of physical-chemical synergy sleep breaking was adopted,and a sleep breaker combining double-roller extrusion friction and chemical liquid immersion was designed to realize the collaborative operation of physicalchemical sleep breaking methods.Taking the seed germination rate as the experimental index,the physicalchemical combination test was conducted to determine the influencing factors of seed germination,and the feasibility of the physical-chemical method to break sleep was verified.EDEM,ANSYS and Design-Expert analysis software were used to analyze the factors affecting the germination rate in the order of grinding roll roughness,soaking time,grinding gap,grinding roll speed and soaking solution concentration.[Result]The optimal working parameters were as follows:grinding gap 2.5 mm,grinding roller speed 1.4 m/s,grinding roller roughness 200 mesh,immersion liquid concentration 15%,and immersion time 90 min.[Conclusion]The average germination rate of A.chinensis treated with physical-chemical synergy sleep breaker is 93.18%,which is consistent with the optimization results of the fitting function and proves the reliability and efficiency of physical-chemical synergy sleep breaking.

关 键 词：红豆草 种子休眠 物理-化学协同 双辊摩擦 参数优化 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S223.11[农业科学—农业机械化工程]