不同改良剂对河西灌区盐碱地土壤肥力状况的改良效应  

Improvement effect of different amendments on soil fertility status of saline alkali soil in Hexi Irrigation Area

作　　者：姜雪 郭丽琢[1,2] 牛济军 高玉红 剡斌[1,2] 陈震 卢培娜 李晓瑾 马敬 陈文涛 何振邦 JIANG Xue;GUO Lizhuo;NIU Jijun;GAO Yuhong;YAN Bin;CHEN Zhen;LU Peina;LI Xiaojin;MA Jing;CHEN Wentao;HE Zhenbang(Agronomy College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Yasheng Industrial(Group)Co.Ltd.,Lanzhou 730010,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃亚盛实业(集团)股份有限公司,甘肃兰州730010

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第4期1086-1098,共13页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项子课题(21ZD4NA023-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在进一步提升盐碱地的生产能力,促进我国农业经济持续发展,探索不同类型改良剂对盐碱地土壤肥力改良效果。【方法】通过田间单因素随机区组试验,以不施改良剂为对照(CK),有机肥(T_(1))、粉煤灰(T_(2))、生物炭(T_(3))、糠醛渣(T_(4))、蚯蚓粪(T_(5))、腐殖酸(T_(6))、克碱王(T_(7))、粉煤灰+有机肥(T_(8))、粉煤灰+糠醛渣(T_(9))、生物炭+糠醛渣(T_(10))、蚯蚓粪+腐殖酸(T_(11))研究了11种土壤改良剂对河西走廊盐碱地土壤肥力的改良效果。【结果】不同方案改良剂均能不同程度提高土壤有机质及氮、磷、钾养分含量。与CK相比,各改良剂处理均显著增加了盐碱地0~30 cm和30~60 cm土层土壤有机质含量,增幅分别达4.09%~26.44%和14.67%~28.38%,而生物炭+糠醛渣处理提高幅度最大,其次为生物炭和有机肥处理;与CK相比,有机肥处理显著增加了各土层土壤全氮、速效磷及速效钾含量,0~30 cm土层分别增加了591.15%、111.91%和242.01%,30~60 cm土层分别增加了148.16%、154.60%和93.08%。【结论】单施有机肥与生物炭配施糠醛渣均可有效提升盐碱地土壤养分含量,对该地区综合改良利用盐碱地具有明显优势。[Objective]By exploring the effects of different types of amendments on soil fertility improvement in saline alkali land,this study aims to further enhance the production capacity of saline alkali land and promote the sustainable development of China’s agricultural economy.[Method]A single factor randomized block experiment was conducted in the field,with no application of amendments as the control(CK),organic fertilizer(T_(1)),flyash(T_(2)),biochar(T_(3)),furfural residue(T_(4)),vermicompost(T_(5)),humic acid(T_(6)),kejianwang(T_(7)),flyash+organic fertilizer(T_(8)),flyash+furfural residue(T_(9)),biochar+furfural residue(T_(10)),and vermicompost+humic acid(T_(11))as the amendments.The improvement effects of 11 soil amendments on soil fertility in saline alkali soil of the Hexi Corridor were explored[.Result]Different amendments can improve soil organic matter and nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium nutrient content to varying degrees.Compared with CK,each amendment treatment significantly increased the soil organic matter content in the 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm soil layers of saline alkali land,with the increases of 4.09%-26.44%and 14.67%-28.38%,respectively.The biochar+furfural residue treatment showed thehighest improvement,followed by biochar and organic fertilizer treatment;Compared with CK,organic fertilizer treatment significantly increased the total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium content in each soil layer,with the increases of 591.15%,111.91%,and 242.01%in the 0-30 cm soil layer and the increases of 148.16%,154.60%,and 93.08%in the 30-60 cm,respectively[.Conclusion]Both single application of organic fertilizer and biochar combined with application of furfural residue could effectively improve the nutrient content of saline alkali soil,which has a significant advantage in the comprehensive improvement and utilization of saline alkali land in the region.

关 键 词：河西灌区 盐碱地 改良剂 有机质 氮磷钾养分 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]