作为城市基础设施的新能源汽车充电桩——服务新特性与规划新思维  

EV CHARGING STATION AS EMERGING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE:NEW SERVICE FEATURES AND PLANNING INSIGHTS

作　　者：申明锐[1] 蒋曌 周文昌 尹介琪 SHEN Mingrui;JIANG Zhao;ZHOU Wenchang;YIN Jieqi

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2024年第7期16-27,共12页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52278066、52378059);教育部春晖计划国际合作科研项目(202200862)。

摘　　要：研究聚焦作为新兴城市基础设施的新能源汽车充电桩,结合对长三角领先城市发展状况的实地考察,提炼其较之传统设施体系的异同点,进一步从理论视角出发剖析其内涵特性,并探讨适配的规划干预新思维。研究认为新能源汽车充电桩是一项以充电和停车为核心功能的从旧体系中生长出的新设施,因较之传统基础设施有更久的历时体验和更多的技术赋能,从而能支持各类新型使用场景。基于交通与能源两方面时空需求的叠合,充电桩的布局和使用涉及多主体多部门的差异化诉求,协同治理面临挑战。城市规划作为统筹公共资源空间分配的政策平台,理应将充电桩纳入公用设施体系的考量之中,在“投融建管营”一体化新思维下探索新的规划模式。这一模式既要与既有设施体系充分兼容,保持基础设施的稳定特性,又要能充分拥抱市场,通过技术迭代不断提升用户体验。The study focuses on electric vehicle(EV)charging station as emerging urban infrastructure in leading cities of the Yangtze River Delta.It aims to identify similarities and differences between EV charging station and traditional facility system,analyze intrinsic characteristics from a theoretical perspective,and explore new planning interventions.This article argues that the EV charging stations represent new facilities emerging from the old system,with charging and parking as its core functions.They can support various new usage scenarios due to the extended usage duration and advanced technologies compared to traditional infrastructure.The layout and use of charging station involves varied appeals from multiple stakeholders and sectors,which poses new challenges to collaborative governance.As a policy platform to coordinate the spatial distribution of urban public resources,urban planning should integrate EV charging stations into the utility system and propose new models that incorporate aspects of“investment,financing,construction,management,and operation”.The new model should be fully compatible with the existing facility system to maintain the stable characteristics of infrastructure,while embracing the market and continuously improving user experience through technological iteration.

关 键 词：基础设施 新能源汽车 城市规划 运营管理 充电桩 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]