深圳某中医院患者血液标本分离细菌的分布及耐药性  

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains isolated from blood samples in a traditional Chinese medicine hospital in Shenzhen

作　　者：郑煦韬 张日妹 段穷 林珊如 唐佳玲 尹凌凡 ZHENG Xutao;ZHANG Rimei;DUAN Qiong;LIN Shanru;TANG Jialing;YIN Lingfan(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital(Longgang),Shenzhen Guangdong 518172,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学深圳医院(龙岗)检验科,广东深圳518172

出　　处：《中国感染与化疗杂志》2024年第4期442-447,共6页Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

摘　　要：目的了解北京中医药大学深圳医院(龙岗)住院患者血液标本的细菌分布特点和耐药性。方法回顾性分析2018—2022年该院血液标本分离细菌及其药敏结果。结果分离自血液标本的细菌共910株,其中革兰阴性菌为575株(63.2%)、革兰阳性菌为335株(36.8%)。大肠埃希菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌属占检出率前5位。5年间,血培养阳性标本中未发现大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素的耐药菌株。鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类的耐药率为11.8%。金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和其他凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中甲氧西林耐药株的检出率分别为16.7%、75.0%和55.5%,未发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的葡萄球菌。亦未发现粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对高浓度庆大霉素、利奈唑胺和万古霉素耐药的菌株。结论该院分离自血液标本的细菌以革兰阴性菌为主。临床分离菌种较多,并已经发现鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类产生耐药,应加强血液标本和感染部位标本的送检,并应加强细菌耐药监测,掌握其耐药特点,合理使用抗菌药物,防止耐药菌的传播。Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of the bacterial strains isolated from blood samples of inpatients in Longgang Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.Methods The bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test results for the strains isolated from 2018 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 910 strains of bacteria were isolated from blood samples,of which 63.2%(575/910)were gram-negative bacteria and 36.8%(335/910)were gram-positive bacteria.Escherichia coli,coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,and Enterococcus spp.were the top 5 pathogens.In the past 5 years,no carbapenem-resistant strains of E.coli or K.pneumoniae were found in the blood samples of the inpatients.A.baumannii had a resistance rate of 11.8%to carbapenems.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains in S.aureus,S.epidermidis and other Staphylococcus species was 16.7%,75.0%and 55.5%,respectively.No vancomycin-or linezolid-resistant staphylococcual isolates were found.No strains of Enterococcus faecalis or Enterococcus faecium were found resistant to high concentrations of gentamicin,linezolid,or vancomycin.Conclusions The bacteria isolated from blood samples in Longgang Hospital were mainly gram-negative bacteria.Carbapenem-resistant strain was identified in the strains of A.baumannii.Bacterial resistance surveillance should be strengthened for the isolates from blood samples and other specimens from the site of infection.Antimicrobial agents should be used rationally to prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.

关 键 词：血培养 分离菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]