从后现代史学论顾颉刚层累说对中国史学的贡献  

Gu Jiegang's“Layered Fabrication Theory”and Its Contribution to Chinese Historiography from the Perspective of Postmodern Historiography

作　　者：蔡振丰 TSAI Chenfeng(Department of Chinese Literature,National Taiwan University,Taipei,Taiwan 106319,China)

机构地区：[1]台湾大学中国文学系,中国台湾台北106319

出　　处：《杭州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期14-23,共10页Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：顾颉刚在1923年提出“古史是层累地造成的”观点后,在史学界引起两次批判,这两次批判多将顾颉刚视为是“科学主义”与“实证主义”的代表人物。然而,顾颉刚层累说与后现代史学家海登·怀特的观点在理论上有相似性,所以层累说所受到传统史学家的质疑,也常与后现代史学遭受的批判有相同之处。虽然顾颉刚有许多与后现代史学相近的看法,但他相信各个时代所建构的历史能反映那个时代的“历史意识”,由此可以建立一种“近真”的历史,从而也比后现代史学更能维护史学研究的尊严。从当代史学史的发展而言,顾颉刚的观点早于西方的后现代史学,这不但表现了中国史学见解的自主性,也更早地将中国史学带入了当代的研究趋势之中。因此,层累说可说是让中国的史学界比西方更早接受了后现代史观的冲击,也让传统的史学家借之反思而可顺接后现代史观所引发的启示。After Gu Jiegang proposed the“Layered Fabrication Theory”in 1923,it caused two criticisms in the historical community.These two criticisms often regarded Gu Jiegang as a representative of“scientism”and“positivism”.However,this paper compares Gu Jiegang's“Layered Fabrication Theory”with the views of postmodern historian Hayden White,and believes that the theories of the two have similarities.Therefore,the“Layered Fabrication Theory”is questioned by traditional historians,and often has the same criticisms as postmodern historiography.Although Gu Jiegang has many views similar to postmodern historiography,he believes that the history constructed in each era can reflect the“historical consciousness”of that era,and from this,a“near-true”history can be established.It can be seen that Gu Jiegang's views are more able to maintain the importance of historical research than postmodern historiography.In terms of the development of contemporary historiography,it can be seen that Gu Jiegang's views are earlier than those of Western postmodern historiography,which not only shows the autonomy of Chinese historical views,but also earlier brings Chinese historiography into contemporary research trends.As a result,the“Layered Fabrication Theory”not only allows the Chinese historical community to accept the impact of postmodern historical views earlier than the West,but also allows traditional historians to accept the enlightenment brought by postmodern historical views.

关 键 词：顾颉刚 层累说 疑古学派 后现代史学 海登·怀特 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]