缓控释肥硅基膜材的制备与表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Silicon Based Films with Slow/Controlled-release Fertilizers

作　　者：冯兆滨[1] 吕真真[1] 冀建华[1] 侯红乾[1] 蓝贤瑾 刘益仁[1] 刘淑珍[2] 刘秀梅[1] FENG Zhao-bin;LYU Zhen-zhen;JI Jian-hua;HOU Hong-qian;LAN Xian-jin;LIU Yi-ren;LIU Shu-zhen;LIU Xiu-mei(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer&Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Agric�ultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment,Yichun/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Nanchang 330200,China;Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所/国家农业环境宜春观测实验站/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330200 [2]江西生物科技职业学院,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2024年第6期55-60,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32060725、32160754、32160767、31101603);江西省重点研发计划(20223BBF61020);江西省重大科技研发专项(20213AAF02023);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项项目(JXXTCXZD202302、JXSNKYJCRC202412、JXXTCX202305)。

摘　　要：以钙镁磷肥、硅丙树脂为主要原料,加入甲基硅酸钠作粘结剂,制备了缓控释肥硅基膜材,并采用撒粉离心包衣、底喷式流化床工艺制备了密封型硅钙镁磷肥、粘结型硅钙镁磷肥、改性硅丙树脂3种包膜尿素,通过静水试验研究了此3种包膜尿素的释放特征。结果表明,3种包膜尿素的释放周期分别为60、79、96 d,在水中均能保持完整球形,耐水性较好。通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、X-射线衍射法对膜材形貌特征和结构进行表征,发现钙镁磷肥和硅丙树脂为成膜材料;甲基硅酸钠作为密封剂和防水剂参与了成膜反应,有效增加了膜材的塑性和韧性,此复合材料可用作缓控释肥的胶结剂和包膜剂。The silicon-based membrane of slow/controlled-release fertilizer was prepared by taking calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and silicon acrylic resin as the main raw material,and sodium methylsilicate as binder.Three kinds of coated urea were prepared by centrifugal coating and bottom spraying fluidized bed process,and their release characteristics were studied by hydrostatic test.The results showed that three kinds of coated urea could keep a complete sphere in water and had good water resistance,and the release periods were 60 d,79 d and 96 d,respectively.The morphological characteristics and structure of membrane materials were investigated using scanning electron microscopy,infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.Calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and silicon acrylic resin were used as film-forming materials,and sodium methylsilicate was used as a sealant and waterproof agent to participate in the film-forming reaction,effectively increasing the plasticity and toughness of the film materials.This composite material can be used as the cementing agent and coating agent of slow/controlled-release fertilizer.

关 键 词：缓控释肥料 硅基膜材 制备 表征 

分 类 号：S146[农业科学—肥料学]