奶牛乳腺炎中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析  

The Separation and Identification of Dairy Cow Mastitis and Drug Resistance Analysis in Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus

作　　者：岳丽莎 武岳 吕雅琼 何一平 李嵩 樊俊铭 YUE Li-sha;WU Yue;LV Ya-qiong;HE Yi-ping;LI Song;FAN Jun-ming(Inner Monglia Youran Dairy Co.Ltd.,Hohhot 010080)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古优然牧业有限责任公司,呼和浩特010080

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2024年第7期51-55,共5页China Dairy Cattle

摘　　要：为减少兽用抗菌药的使用,建立适用于牧场特色的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)乳腺炎奶牛的精准用药方案,对采集自内蒙古呼和浩特市某规模化牛场的262份乳腺炎乳样,采用鉴别显色培养基分离、传统培养和16S rRNA核酸序列鉴定等,对乳腺炎致病菌菌种进行分析;后续对分离得到的53株CNS,进行了6种常用药物的MIC试验(微量肉汤稀释法)并分析其耐药性。结果表明,262份乳腺炎样品分离鉴定的致病菌种类丰富,共有20个属,54个种,葡萄球菌属是262个分离株的优势菌属,也是鉴别显色培养基上葡萄球菌区的优势菌属;分析表明CNS可能是长期导致牛场奶牛乳腺炎的主要致病菌。药敏试验结果显示,53株CNS在6种抗菌药物中,对头孢氨苄和马波沙星的耐药率较高,分别为47.17%和49.06%,对头孢噻呋的耐药率最低,为16.98%;在四种β-内酰胺类药物中,对头孢噻呋的敏感性是最高的,达到83.02%,头孢噻呋较头孢喹肟的CNS抗菌活性更好。本次研究分离得到的CNS中,分离株最多的是产色葡萄球菌,对青霉素和头孢噻呋的耐药率较低;其次是模仿葡萄球菌,对头孢噻呋的耐药率最低;溶血葡萄球菌对头孢噻呋和头孢喹肟耐药率较低;松鼠葡萄球菌对头孢氨苄、青霉素和头孢噻呋的耐药率较低。表明不同的CNS菌种对不同的抗生素的敏感性相差较大。本研究为该地区奶牛乳腺炎的管理和防治提供了科学依据。In order to reduce the practical application of veterinary antibiotics,a precise medication program for cows with CNS mastitis suitable for pasture characteristics is established to promote the production practice of a cattle farm in Inner Mongolia.In this study,262 samples of mastitis were collected from a large-scale cattle farm in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,and the pathogenic bacteria of mastitis were studied and analyzed by means of differential chromogenic medium separation,traditional culture and 16S rRNA based nucleic acid sequence identification.Subsequently,53 isolated CNS strains were tested for MIC of 6 commonly used drugs(micro-broth dilution method)and their drug resistance was analyzed.The results show that the pathogenic bacteria isolated and identified from 262 mastitis samples has a large number of species,with a total of 20 genera and 54 species.Staphylococcus is the dominant genus of 262 isolates and also the dominant genus of Staphylococcus in the identification medium.The analysis described that CNS is the most likely long-term cause of mastitis in cows on the farm.Drug sensitivity test results show that among the 6 antibacterial drugs,cephalexin and mbofloxacin have the highest drug resistance rate(47.17%and 49.06%,respectively),and cefuroxime have the lowest drug resistance rate(16.98%).Among the fourβ-lactams,the sensitivity to cefotirome is the highest,reaching 83.02%,and cefotirome has better CNS antibacterial activity than cefquinme.Among the CNS obtained by isolation technology in this study,Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most isolated strain,and its drug resistance rate to penicillin and ceftioire is low.Staphylococcus Simulans has the lowest resistance rate to ceftiodom.Staphylococcus haemolyticus has low drug resistance to ceftiofuroxime and cefquinoxime.Staphylococcus sciuri has low resistance rates to cefalexin,penicillin and ceftioxime.This study proved that different CNS strains have different sensitivity to different antibiotics,which largely provides scientific basis for the ma

关 键 词：奶牛乳腺炎 凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 分离鉴定 耐药性 16S rDNA 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]