女性人口高质量充分就业:基本意涵、机遇挑战与优化策略  

On High-Quality and Full Employment for the Female Population:Its Basic Implications,Opportunities and Challenges,and Optimization Strategies

作　　者：杨菊华 YANG Juhua(School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2024年第4期47-57,共11页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“人口规模巨大的现代化:时空特征、机遇挑战与路径机制研究”(项目编号:23ZDA019)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：女性人口高质量充分就业是进一步解放妇女、实现性别平等之基,是推动经济高质量发展的内在要求,是促进人口高质量发展的必然选择,也是中国式现代化建设的重要举措。研究从辨识“高质量充分就业”概念入手,利用全国人口普查数据,通过理论分析、数据分析、政策分析,探讨推动女性高质量充分就业的现实意义与理论价值,分析女性就业的机遇与瓶颈,反思女性高质量充分就业的优化路径。研究发现,当前女性人口的就业规模降中趋稳,就业结构和就业质量持续改善,但就业的充分性与高质量还存在较大挑战。推动女性劳动年龄人口高质量充分就业,需要政府、市场、企业、社会、家庭和个体多元主体的共同努力、多措并举,扩容量、优结构、升质量;必须把握数字经济红利,创造更多高质量就业岗位;必须健全终身技能培训机制,完善就业公共服务制度,优化就业公共服务体系,有效治理劳动力市场的性别歧视,为女性高质量充分就业营造更优环境,提升她们对高质量发展的贡献度。High-quality and Full Employment(HFE)for the female population is the foundation for further liberating women and achieving gender equality,and the intrinsic requirements as well for promoting high-quality economic development.It is also a necessary choice for promoting high-quality population development,and a key measure for building China's modernization with Chinese characteristics.Starting from identifying the concept of"HFE",and using data analysis,theoretical analysis,and policy analysis based on the Nationwide Population Census data,this study discusses the practical signifi cance and theoretical value of promoting HFE for the female population,analyzes the opportunities and bottlenecks of women's employment,and refl ects on its optimization path.The study found that currently,although the size and structure of women's employment tend to stabilize gradually,the suffi ciency and high quality of employment are still faced with signifi cant challenges.Promoting HFE for the labor force of the working age women,thus,requires the joint efforts of the government,the market,enterprises,society,family,and individuals,to expand its capacity,optimize its structure,and improve its quality.It is necessary to seize the dividends of the digital economy,and create more high-quality jobs.Moreover,it is also necessary to improve the lifelong skill training mechanism and the public service system for employment,and optimize the public service system for employment.Only in this way can we effectively manage gender discrimination in the labor market,create a better environment for HFE for the female population,and improve their contribution to high-quality development.

关 键 词：高质量充分就业 就业结构 就业质量 女性人口 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济]