巢与凤:村落环境与乡村振兴背景下的市民下乡——基于广东行政村抽样调查  

Nest and Phoenix:Village Environment and Urbanite's Immigration to Countryside——Sample Investigation in Guangdong Rural Revitalization

作　　者：王兴周[1] WANG Xingzhou(School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《浙江工商大学学报》2024年第4期139-152,共14页Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“乡村振兴背景下逆城市化的动力机制与发展趋势研究”(19ASH006)。

摘　　要：如何吸引城市人下乡的难题可以归结为“巢”(村落环境)与“凤”(市民下乡)的关系。对广东省312个行政村的随机抽样调查结果表明,只有不到1/3的行政村有下乡市民,而且下乡市民数量的村落分布差异性很大。二元Logistics回归模型显示,整体上“地理区域”和“村里的网络速度”对市民下乡有显著性影响;村落环境对各动机类型(务农、办厂开店、受雇、养老)市民下乡的影响机制各不相同。主要结论:产业自我集聚循环累积效应推动市民下乡,市民下乡具有明显“郊区化”特征,市民下乡“舒适性迁移”特征明显,信息化水平是影响市民下乡的重要因素,市民下乡创业行为具有明显的价值合理性;另外,宗族结构对逆城市化影响的理路值得进一步研究。The problem of how to attract urban people to the countryside can be described as the relationship between the“nest”(village environment)and the“phoenix”(urbanites going to the countryside).Empirical research based on sampling survey data from 312 villages in Guangdong Province shows that less than one-third of administrative villages have former urbanites and the distribution of the number of former urbanites varies greatly among villages.According to the binary logistics regression model,on the whole,“geographical area”and“network speed in the village”have a significant impact on urbanites migration to the countryside.The influence mechanism of village environment on each type of motivation of immigration(farming,opening a factory,finding a job,and retirement life)is different.The main conclusions:the cumulative effect of industrial self-agglomeration cycle promotes urbanites to move to the countryside;the migration of urbanites going to the countryside has obvious characteristics of“suburbanization”;the characteristics of“amenity migration”are obvious;the level of informatization is an important factor affecting the migration of urbanites to the countryside;and the entrepreneurial behavior of urbanites has obvious value rationality.In addition,the logic of the influence of clan structure on counter-urbanization deserves further study.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 逆城市化 市民下乡 村落环境 动机类型 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理]