花生冠腐病抗病性快速鉴定方法的建立及应用  

Establishment and Application of Rapid Identification Method for Resistance to Peanut Crown Rot

作　　者：巩佳莉 孙东雷[1] 卞能飞 王荣琪 王幸[1] 王晓军[1] GONG Jiali;SUN Donglei;BIAN Nengfei;WANG Rongqi;WANG Xing;WANG Xiaojun(Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai District,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221131,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221131

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第7期46-52,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-13);徐州市农业科学院科研基金项目(XM2021002);江苏省政策引导类计划(苏北科技专项)(XZ-SZ202124)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立一种花生冠腐病抗病性快速鉴定方法,为抗冠腐病花生品种筛选、抗病育种提供参考。【方法】以萌发期花生种作为接种材料,在无菌培养皿中进行接种,设置冠腐病孢子悬浮液不同接种浓度(6×10^(5)个/mL、8×10^(5)个/mL、1×10^(6)个/mL、2×10^(6)个/mL、4×10^(6)个/mL)及时间(3 d、4 d、5 d、6 d、7 d)试验,筛选最优接种条件,对徐花甜30、驻花18号、周科花18等104个花生品种(系)进行冠腐病抗病性鉴定,验证其有效性并进行抗病种质资源筛选。【结果】当冠腐病孢子悬浮液接种浓度为2×10^(6)个/mL、培养时间为5 d时,各品种(系)间感染情况差异明显,能有效鉴定不同品种(系)的抗性差异。利用该方法对104个花生品种(系)进行冠腐病抗病性鉴定,能有效区分不同品种(系)的抗性差异,并筛选出12个抗病品种(系)、40个中抗品种(系)、38个感病品种(系)和14个高感品种(系)。【结论】在萌发期建立的花生冠腐病抗病性快速鉴定方法能够快速有效鉴定不同花生品种(系)对冠腐病的抗性水平。【Objective】A rapid identification method for resistance to peanut crown rot was established to provide a reference for screening and breeding resistant varieties.【Method】Peanut seeds at germination stage were used as inoculation materials and inoculated in sterile petri dishes.The optimal inoculation conditions were selected by setting crown rot spore suspension with different inoculation concentrations(6×10^(5) individual/mL,8×10^(5) individual/mL,1×10^(6) individual/mL,2×10^(6) individual/mL and 4×10^(6) individual/mL)and time(3 d,4 d,5 d,6 d and 7 d).The crown rot resistance of 104 peanut varieties(lines),including Xuhuatian 30,Zhuhua 18,Zhoukehua 18,etc.,was identified to verify the effectiveness,and the resistant germplasm resources were screened.【Result】When the inoculation concentration of crown rot spore suspension was 2×10^(6) individual/mL for culturing 5 days,the infection situation of different varieties(lines)was significantly different,which could effectively identify the difference in resistance of different varieties(lines).This method was used to identify the crown rot resistance of 104 peanut varieties(lines),which could effectively distinguish the resistance differences among different varieties(lines),and 12 resistant varieties(lines),40 medium-resistant varieties(lines),38 susceptible varieties(lines)and 14 highly susceptible varieties(lines)were screened out.【Conclusion】The rapid identification method for resistance to peanut crown rot established at germination stage can quickly and effectively identify the resistance level of different peanut varieties(lines)to crown rot.

关 键 词：花生 冠腐病 抗病性 快速鉴定 抗病育种 

分 类 号：S435.652[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]