枝条堆肥对陕西渭北苹果品质、果树生长、土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of Branch Compost on Apple Quality,Fruit Tree Growth and Soil Fertility in Weibei,Shaanxi

作　　者：杨双晓 蒋会利 李祥 马丽君 夏静 YANG Shuangxiao;JIANG Huili;LI Xiang;MA Lijun;XIA Jing(Horticultural Work Station of Yongshou County,Yongshou,Shaanxi 713400,China;Xianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xianyang,Shaanxi 713400,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省永寿县园艺工作站,陕西永寿713400 [2]陕西省咸阳市农业科学研究院,陕西咸阳713400

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第7期86-90,共5页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：咸阳市2022年重点研发项目(L2022-ZDYF-NY-010)。

摘　　要：苹果树冬剪枝条废弃处理,不仅造成资源浪费,也会引起环境污染。为探索苹果枝条综合利用新途径,本文采用枝条粉碎发酵堆肥与当地常用的腐熟牛粪、生物有机肥、化肥进行对比试验,研究苹果枝条粉碎发酵堆肥对果园土壤、果树生长及果实品质的影响。结果表明,苹果枝条粉碎发酵堆肥作为秋施基肥与常规施肥种类相比,可以显著提高果园土壤中0~40cm中的有机质含量,降低土壤的容重,促进果树叶片变大、增厚、百叶重增加,有利于培养中庸健壮树势,显著提高果实果径、单果重、可溶性固形物含量,提升苹果果实品质。Disposing of pruned apple branches in winter not only results in resource wastage but also contributes to environmental pollution.To explore innovative approaches for the comprehensive utilization of apple branches,this study conducted comparative experiments.It compared shredded and fermented branch compost with locally prevalent materials such as composted cow manure,bio-organic fertilizer,and chemical fertilizer.The research aimed to assess the effects of shredded and fermented branch compost on orchard soil quality,tree growth,and fruit quality.The results showed that compared with commonly used fertilizers,shredded and fermented branch compost as autumn basal fertilizer could significantly increase the organic matter content in the 0~40 cm soil layer of the orchard.It also reduced the bulk density of the soil,promoted the growth of fruit tree leaves,and increased leaf weight,which was conducive to cultivating moderate and robust tree potential.Additionally,it significantly improved the fruit diameter,single fruit weight,soluble solids content,and enhanced the quality of apple fruit.

关 键 词：苹果 枝条 发酵堆肥 土壤肥力 品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]