心率变异阈作为无创运动生理阈值识别手段的研究进展  

Heart Rate Variability Thresholds as A Means of Non-Invasive Exercise Physiological Threshold Recognition:A Literature Review

作　　者：邓雨潇 汤春雪 曾显湘 张严焱 吴迎[1] 石丽君[1,2] DENG Yuxiao;TANG Chunxue;ZENG Xianxiang;ZHANG Yanyan;WU Ying;SHI Lijun(Department of Exercise Physiology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动生理教研室,北京100084 [2]北京体育大学国家体育总局运动应激适应重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2024年第5期68-80,共13页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“主动健康和人口老龄化科技应对”重点专项(2022YFC3600201)。

摘　　要：心率变异阈(heart rate variability thresholds,HRVTs)是递增负荷运动中心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)随运动强度变化而出现的生理拐点,是一种无创、便捷的阈值判定方法。研究通过整理汇总国内外相关研究,针对HRVTs生理机制、与传统阈值的一致性及识别定位方法等问题进行综述。研究表明,HRVTs与传统运动生理阈值一样存在2个生理拐点——HRVT1和HRVT2,基于HRV参数其判定方法可分为时域、频域和非线性分析3种。在选择适宜分析方法的前提下,HRVTs与传统阈值具有一致性,即存在可替代性:时域分析参数可能更适合判断HRVT1;频域分析参数需经适宜处理后,方可应用于判断HRVTs;非线性分析中的去趋势波动分析法是对2个HRVTs生理阈值均具有判断潜能的新方法,且可能对判断HRVT2具有更高的精度,而对HRVT1的精确判断仍需进一步研究证实。基于当前HRVTs存在研究异质性、HRV参数较多及人群研究差异等问题,建议未来应围绕HRV参数开展标准化分类研究,以确保研究具有可对比性。Heart rate variability thresholds(HRVTs)are physiological inflection points that occur as heart rate variability(HRV)changes with increasing exercise intensity in incremental exercise.It is a non-invasive and convenient threshold determination method.This study reviewed relevant researches at home and abroad,focusing on the physiological mechanisms of HRVTs,its consistency with traditional thresholds,and identification methods.Research indicates that HRVTs has two physiological inflection points,HRVT1 and HRVT2,just like traditional exercise physiological thresholds.The determination methods based on HRV parameters can be divided into three kinds:time domain,frequency domain,and non-linear analysis.With appropriate analysis methods,HRVTs and traditional thresholds are consistent,which means they are replaceable:time domain analysis parameters may be more suitable for determining HRVT1;frequency domain analysis parameters require appropriate processing before they can be applied to HRVTs determination.The detrended fluctuation analysis method in non-linear analysis is a newly method that shows potential for determining both HRVTs physiological thresholds.Research suggests that it may have higher accuracy for determining HRVT2,while its precision for HRVT1 still needs improvement.Given the heterogeneity in current HRVTs researches,cHRV parameters and the differences in population studies,it is recommended that future studies conduct standardized classification research on HRV parameters.

关 键 词：心率变异性 心率变异阈 自主神经系统 递增负荷运动 无氧阈 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]