航空炸弹气动特性及弹道特性仿真研究  

Simulation research on aerodynamic and ballistic characteristics of aerial bombs

作　　者：吕静伟 王志军[1] 徐永杰[1,2] 王晓东 LYU Jingwei;WANG Zhijun;XU Yongjie;WANG Xiaodong(School of Mechatronic Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Chongqing Hongyu Precision Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402760,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,太原030051 [2]重庆红宇精密工业集团有限公司,重庆402760

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2024年第7期121-127,共7页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划(2021690)。

摘　　要：为了研究气动布局对航空炸弹弹道特性的影响,设计了不同气动外形的航弹模型;利用ANSYS FLUENT对航弹模型在亚音速、跨音速、超音速时飞行流场进行了数值仿真,并获得了主要气动特性参数;建立了基于水平投弹的直角坐标系下的航弹质心运动数学模型,利用已经获取的气动力参数进行航弹模型的弹道特性分析、弹道轨迹仿真计算。结果表明,气动布局的合理优化可以有效降低航弹飞行阻力进而改善其弹道特性,可提供落点行程变化范围800.4~3 212.8 m;通过弹道系数、标准下落时间、极限速度可以表征航弹弹道特性,但航弹飞行轨迹受到多因素共同影响,其中,在投弹速度与航弹行程之间存在着最佳匹配区间。研究结果可以为航空炸弹气动布局优化设计及其工程应用提供理论基础与技术支撑。In order to study the effect of aerodynamic layouts on ballistic characteristics of aerial bombs,models with different aerodynamic layouts of aerial bombs are designed.The flight flow field at subsonic,transonic and supersonic speeds has been simulated by ANSYS FLUENT,and main aerodynamic characteristics are obtained.The mathematical model of mass center motion in rectangular coordinate system based on horizontal bombing is established,and the ballistic characteristics and trajectory simulation of aerial bomb models are analyzed by using aerodynamic parameters obtained.Result shows that the reasonable optimization of aerodynamic layout can effectively reduce bomb’s flight resistance and improve its ballistic characteristics,and can provide a range of 800.4~3212.8 m.Ballistic coefficient,standard falling time and limiting velocity can be used to characterize ballistic characteristics,but the trajectory is affected by many factors,among which there is a best matching interval between bombing velocity and range.Research results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for aerodynamic layout optimization design and engineering application of aerial bombs.

关 键 词：航空炸弹 气动布局 弹道特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TJ410.3[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]