陆相中高成熟页岩油“组分流动”条件及其在提高页岩油产量中的作用  

“Component flow” conditions and its effects on enhancing production of continental medium-to-high maturity shale oil

作　　者：赵文智[1,2] 卞从胜[1,2] 李永新[1,2] 刘伟[1,2] 秦冰[3] 蒲秀刚[4] 江建林[3] 刘诗局[1,2] 关铭 董劲 申玉坦 ZHAO Wenzhi;BIAN Congsheng;LI Yongxin;LIU Wei;QIN Bing;PU Xiugang;JIANG Jianlin;LIU Shiju;GUAN Ming;DONG Jin;SHEN Yutan(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China;ZWZ Academician Research Studio,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China;Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,Beijing 100083,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company,Tianjin 300280,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院赵文智院士工作室,北京100083 [3]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083 [4]中国石油大港油田公司勘探开发研究院,天津300280

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2024年第4期720-730,共11页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会联合基金项目“中低成熟度陆相页岩油资源形成与原位转化开采机理”(U22B6004);中国石油勘探开发研究院科学研究与技术开发项目“典型陆相中高熟页岩油富集特征与富集区评价”(2022yjcq03);中国石油长庆油田公司关键核心技术攻关项目“鄂尔多斯盆地长7段页岩油新类型富集机理与选区评价”(KJZX2023-01)。

摘　　要：基于中国陆相页岩油区重点试采井的生产曲线、生产制度、烃产物数量和产出烃构成随时间的变化等资料,开展页岩油精细馏分切割和页岩油组成变化对宏观流动性影响的试验以及分子动力学数值模拟,提出页岩油“组分流动”概念,并对组分流动的形成机理与条件进行探讨。研究表明:(1)在地下页岩微纳米孔隙中,轻烃、中质烃和重烃会按相似相溶原理发生混相,使重烃等难流动组分以分子聚集体方式“悬浮”在轻烃和中质烃溶剂中,从而显著降低其黏度并增加流动性和流动量;(2)小分子芳烃是组分流动发生的载体,气态烃和轻烃含量越高,越利于抑制胶质和沥青等重组分形成尺寸更大的聚集体,并增加其塑性变形能力,组分流动效果越好;(3)较高的地层温度可降低蜡质等重烃组分黏度,提高其流动性;(4)保存条件、地层能量和生产制度对控制轻烃组分含量、流出速度和形成稳定的“组分流动”都有重要作用,是页岩油多组分烃形成最优配伍和最大流动量的重要影响因素。地下页岩油“组分流动”概念的提出对于提高页岩油单井产量和累计采出量具有重要意义。Based on the production curves,changes in hydrocarbon composition and quantities over time,and production systems from key trial production wells in lacustrine shale oil areas in China,fine fraction cutting experiments and molecular dynamics numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of changes in shale oil composition on macroscopic fluidity.The concept of “component flow” for shale oil was proposed,and the formation mechanism and conditions of component flow were discussed.The research reveals findings in four aspects.First,a miscible state of light,medium and heavy hydrocarbons forms within micropores/nanopores of underground shale according to similarity and intermiscibility principles,which make components with poor fluidity suspended as molecular aggregates in light and medium hydrocarbon solvent,such as heavy hydrocarbons,thereby decreasing shale oil viscosity and enhancing fluidity and outflows.Second,small-molecule aromatic hydrocarbons act as carriers for component flow,and the higher the content of gaseous and light hydrocarbons,the more conducive it is to inhibit the formation of larger aggregates of heavy components such as resin and asphalt,thus increasing their plastic deformation ability and bringing about better component flow efficiency.Third,higher formation temperatures reduce the viscosity of heavy hydrocarbon components,such as wax,thereby improving their fluidity.Fourth,preservation conditions,formation energy,and production system play important roles in controlling the content of light hydrocarbon components,outflow rate,and forming stable “component flow”,which are crucial factors for the optimal compatibility and maximum flow rate of multi-component hydrocarbons in shale oil.The component flow of underground shale oil is significant for improving single-well production and the cumulative ultimate recovery of shale oil.

关 键 词：陆相 纯页岩型页岩油 中高成熟页岩油 微纳米孔隙 多组分烃 组分流动 相似相溶 分子聚集体 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]