浅埋厚煤层高强度开采强矿压分布特征与控制对策  

Distribution characteristics and control strategies of strong mining pressure in shallow buried thick coal seam under high-intensity mining

作　　者：于智卓 薛吉胜 Yu Zhizhuo(Shanxi Shuozhou Shanyin Jinhaiyang Wujiaogou Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shuozhou 038400,China)

机构地区：[1]山西朔州山阴金海洋五家沟煤业有限公司,山西朔州038400 [2]不详

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第7期267-274,281,共9页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

摘　　要：浅埋厚煤层高强度开采时,回采工作面矿压显现强烈,对煤矿安全生产造成较大影响。以五家沟煤矿5302综放工作面为工程背景,理论分析了浅埋厚煤层顶板及上覆岩层破断失稳机理,利用数值软件对工作面上方覆岩断裂特征和工作面的超前应力分布规律进行模拟分析,得出浅埋坚硬顶板综放工作面强矿压显现规律,并提出了水力压裂来破碎顶板以减低超前压力的控制对策。研究结果表明,浅埋厚煤层综放开采时,煤层覆岩中的关键层对整个工作面上覆岩层的垮落、断裂和移动起主要控制作用,与普通工作面相比,回采时工作面上覆岩层运移更加强烈,导致工作面矿压显现强烈且两带发育高度偏高,分段水力压裂通过破碎顶板能够使得顶板垮落更加充分,能够有效减低工作面超前压力,采空区垮落充填程度更高,采动影响稳定速度更快。During high-intensity mining of shallow buried thick coal seams,the mining pressure manifestation on the mining face is strong,causing a considerable impact on safety production of coal mines.Taking the No.5302 fully-mechanized working face in Wujiagou Coal Mine as the engineering background.The mechanism of fracture and instability of the roof and overlying rock strata in shallow and thick coal seams was theoretically analyzed.Numerical software was employed to simulate and analyze the fracture characteristics of the overlying rock and the distribution pattern of forward stress on the working face.The study revealed the manifestation pattern of strong mining pressure manifestation in fully-mechanized working face with shallow buried hard roof and proposed control strategies utilizing hydraulic fracturing to break the roof and reduce the forward pressure.The research findings indicate that the key layer in the overlying rock of the coal seam plays a major controlling role in the collapse,fracture,and movement of the overlying rock of the entire working face during fully-mechanized mining of shallow buried thick coal seams.Compared to ordinary working faces,the movement of the overlying rock strata is more intense during mining,resulting in a pronounced manifestation of mining pressure on the mining face and a higher development height of the two zones.Segmented hydraulic fracturing can make the roof collapse more fully by breaking it,effectively reducing the advanced pressure of the working face,increasing the degree of collapse filling in the goaf,and accelerating the stable speed of mining impact.

关 键 词：浅埋厚煤层 高强度开采 强矿压显现 水力压裂 

分 类 号：TD32[矿业工程—矿井建设]