基于FPGA的永磁同步电机控制实验平台设计  

Design and implementation of a permanent magnet synchronous motor experimental platform based on FPGA

作　　者：柴锦 李昊 张甫国 王伟胜 CHAI Jin;LI Hao;ZHANG Fuguo;WANG Weisheng(Engineering Training Center,Shandong University,Ji’nan 250061,China;Shandong Aotai Electric Co.,Ltd.,Ji’nan 250001,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学工程训练中心,山东济南250061 [2]山东奥太电气有限公司,山东济南250001

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第7期154-161,共8页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220605332142344,220501464052410);山东省重点研发计划(2022CXGC010202);山东大学教育教学改革研究项目(2022Y313)。

摘　　要：永磁同步电机因具有功率密度大、控制精度高、输出响应快等优势,在工业生产和日常生活中应用广泛。为充分发挥永磁同步电机的性能,该文研制了基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的电机控制实验平台。平台以Xilinx公司的XC7A75T作为主控芯片,采用磁场定向控制算法实现控制永磁同步电机的位置、速度和转矩,实验平台可在不同工作模式下稳定运行,为学生深入学习和理解永磁同步电机的工作原理提供了软硬件支撑。[Objective]Permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs)are widely used in industrial production and daily life owing to their high power density,precise control,and fast output response.Furthermore,the demand for higher functionality and performance for PMSMs in various applications steadily grows.A fully digital PMSM control system based on digital signal processing technology and high-performance control strategies is poised to become the prevailing trend.Traditional PMSM control relies on embedded processors such as ARM or DSP,where the control cycle for field-oriented control(FOC)can range from several microseconds to a few milliseconds,affecting response speed.To enhance PMSM performance and response speed,an experimental motor control platform based on FPGA has been developed.[Methods]The platform utilizes a three-phase,two-level inverter as the main circuit for motor control.The control loop is built around the processor,Xilinx XC7A75T,which includes peripheral circuits such as an analog-to-digital converter,network communication interface,encoder interface with RS485,and an inverter drive module.Employing the FOC algorithm,the experimental platform enables control of the PMSM.A selection switch allows convenient switching between position loop,speed loop,and torque loop control modes.The upper computer software developed for this platform offers four monitor channels,allowing students to observe any signal during experiments.The platform offers hardware and software support for students to deeply understand the working principles of PMSM.[Results]The experimental platform validates the linear relationship between the given electromagnetic torque and motor acceleration through the torque control experiments.This helps students understand the relationship between the given torque,load torque,and motor acceleration.In speed control experiments,the speed overshoot is less than 0.5%,and the speed feedback delay is less than 1 ms,underscoring the advantages of FPGA in terms of calculation speed and control accura

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 FPGA 实验平台 数字控制 

分 类 号：TM341[电气工程—电机]