沥青质分散剂的研究进展  

Research Progress of Asphaltene Dispersants

作　　者：杜新娟 刁大龙 张龙力[1] DU Xinjuan;DIAO Dalong;ZHANG Longli(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao Shandong 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)化学化工学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2024年第4期12-17,共6页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：中央高校自主创新科研计划项目(22CX03007A)。

摘　　要：沥青质是原油和渣油中缔合性最强的组分,沥青质容易通过电荷转移、氢键、偶极相互作用等聚集。当外界条件或成分改变时,沥青质可能会聚集和聚沉,造成设备堵塞和损坏,因此给石油产业带来了挑战。沥青质分散剂可以有效地抑制沥青质的聚沉。从沥青质的结构、分散剂的种类和分散机理等方面综述了沥青质分散剂的研究进展,并且对沥青质分散剂的发展趋势进行了分析。Asphaltene is the most associative component in crude oil and residual oil.Asphaltene can easily aggregate with each other through charge transfer,hydrogen bond and dipole interaction.Asphaltene may congregate and settle when external conditions or composition change,which poses a challenge to the petroleum industry.Asphaltene dispersants can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of asphaltene.In this paper,the research progress of asphaltene dispersants is reviewed from the aspects of asphaltene structure,dispersant types and dispersant mechanism,and the future development trend of asphaltene dispersants is analyzed.

关 键 词：沥青质 聚沉 分散剂 作用机理 

分 类 号：TE621[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]