Fossil endocarps of Menispermaceae from the late Paleocene of Paris Basin,France  

作　　者：Eliise Kara Jérémie Bardin Dario De Franceschi Cédric Del Rio 

机构地区：[1]CR2P—Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie—Paris,MNHN—Sorbonne Université—CNRS,43 Rue Buffon,75005 Paris,France [2]Centre for Limnology,Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,Estonian University of Life Sciences,61117 Rannu,Tartu County,Estonia [3]Department of Geology,Tallinn University of Technology,19086 Tallinn,Estonia

出　　处：《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》2024年第4期809-828,共20页植物分类学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by ESF project PRG323 and an Erasmus+scholarship provided under a traineeship agreement between Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle and Estonian University of Life Sciences.

摘　　要：Menispermaceae are an angiosperm family of mostly climbing plants distributed throughout tropical regions. The fruits in this family have a strong sclerified endocarp and can be used for reliable species-level identifications, even in a fossilized form. New Paleocene-age menispermaceous endocarps have recently been discovered in South America and Asia, while in Europe, they are mostly found in the Eocene. This paper focuses on the study of fossil endocarps belonging to Menispermaceae, found in the Petit-Pâtis locality, which is one of the few Paleocene localities in Europe. The locality is dated to the late Paleocene (57–56 Ma) and the fossils represent flora and fauna in the Paris Basin before the onset of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Lignitized fossils were photographed and their morphology was analyzed using computed tomography, scanning electron microscope, and geometric morphometric analysis. The analysis of 36 fossils belonging to Menispermaceae revealed that three genera (Stephania, Palaeosinomenium, Tinospora) were present in the late Paleocene of Paris Basin. Differences in internal morphology and a more inflated endocarp base led to a description of a new fossil species—Palaeosinomenium oisensis sp. nov. The occurrence of these genera in the Paleocene of France is consistent with the suggestion that megathermal flora was present in the Paris Basin before the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. These three genera are currently the oldest occurrences in Europe, highlighting the connection between paleofloras of the Americas, Europe, and Asia in the Paleocene.

关 键 词：BIOGEOGRAPHY MENISPERMACEAE PALEOBOTANY Paleocene TAXONOMY 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]