科学结构研究综述及其层次体系构建  

Scientific Structure Review and Its Hierarchical System Construction

作　　者：田倩飞 陈云伟[1,2] 张志强 Tian Qianfei;Chen Yunwei;Zhang Zhiqiang(National Science Library(Chengdu),Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610299;Department of Information Resources Management,School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都文献情报中心,成都610299 [2]中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系,北京100190

出　　处：《情报学报》2024年第6期747-759,共13页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021171);中国科学技术协会战略发展部项目“国际科技政策趋势跟踪研究”。

摘　　要：科学结构是科学知识历经长期发展变化逐渐积淀出的体系轮廓和框架,是不以人的意志为转移的内在关系和逻辑机制。本文在明晰科学及科学结构的概念与内涵基础上,综合阐述了“科学哲学奠定科学结构的研究理论基础,科学学深入挖掘科学结构的内部层次,以及科学经济学有效拓展科学结构的研究内容”的多学科视角研究进展;基于科学结构的宏观、中观和微观层次体系研究及其与社会的互动,构建了以科学知识为核心的科学结构三层次体系整合图。在全球科技竞争空前激烈的21世纪,研究科学结构既有利于揭示并把握科学的发展历程与趋势、全球及各国科学发展格局,也能在辅助制定适宜的科技政策、建立合理的科研机构等方面发挥关键作用。Scientific structure is the outline and framework of a system gradually accumulated by scientific knowledge after long-term development and change.Additionally,it is an internal relationship and logical mechanism that is not transferred by human will.By clarifying the concept and connotation of science and scientific structure,this paper comprehensively elucidates the multidisciplinary perspective research progress of“the research theoretical foundation of scientific structure laid by philosophy of science,deep excavation of the internal level of scientific structure by science of science,and research content of scientific economics to effectively expand scientific structure.”Based on the study of macro-,meso-,and micro-level systems of scientific structure and their interaction with society,a three-level system integration diagram of scientific structure with scientific knowledge as the core is constructed.In the 21st century,when global scientific and technological competition is unprecedentedly fierce,studying the scientific structure is conducive to revealing and grasping the development process and trend of science,as well as the global and national scientific development patterns,and plays a key role in assisting the formulation of appropriate science and technology policies and the establishment of reasonable scientific research institutions.

关 键 词：科学结构 科学哲学 科学计量 科研效益 层次体系 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]