日本落叶松根际土壤水浸提液对林下山参的化感作用  

Allelopathic Effect of Larix Kaempferi(Lamb.)Carr.Soil Water Extract on Ginseng Cultivated under Forest

作　　者：于淼 王丹[1] 张建逵[1] 刘银磊 YU Miao;WANG Dan;ZHANG Jiankui;LIU Yinei(College of Pharmacy,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dalian 116600,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学药学院,辽宁大连116600

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2024年第8期29-34,共6页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);医疗服务与保障能力提升补助项目(财社[2019]39号)。

摘　　要：目的探讨日本落叶松根际土壤水浸提液对林下山参的化感作用,为提高林下山参道地药材的品质以及规范化栽培与选址提供参考。方法研究了3种不同浓度(0.25、0.05、0.01 g·mL^(-1))的日本落叶松根际土壤水浸提液对林下山参种子萌发(发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数)、3年生林下山参显微性状(主根木质部、韧皮部、周皮及皮层)、人参皂苷含量[人参皂苷-Rg1、-Re、-Rf、-Rb1、-Rg2、-Rc、-Rb2、-Rb3、-Rd以及原人参三醇型人参皂苷(PPT)、原人参二醇型人参皂苷(PPD)和9种人参皂苷总量]的影响,结合液质联用技术对化感物质进行分析,并查阅相关文献对化感物质进行筛选。结果日本落叶松根际土壤水浸提液对林下山参的发芽指标有显著化感抑制作用,且随浓度增加抑制作用增强;化感作用会导致林下山参主根发生腐烂病变、皮层木栓化程度增强;化感作用对人参皂苷含量的积累具有显著促进作用。通过结果分析结合文献查阅,认为根皮素等5种物质可能是日本落叶松对林下山参作用的化感物质。结论结合上述研究结果,考虑到林下山参苗成活率、药材性状、劳动力成本、农药残留等因素,不建议在日本落叶松纯林下生产高品质林下山参。Objective To explore the allelopathic effect of the from Larixkaempferi(Lamb.)soil water extract to ginseng cultivated under forest(LXSS),and to provide a reference for improving the quality of genuine medicinal materials in LXSS and for the standardized cultivation and site selection of LXSS.Methods Three different concentrations(0.25,0.05,0.01 g·mL^(-1))of the L.kaempferi soil water extract on the LXSS were studied,including the effects of LXSS seed germination(germination rate,germination potential,germination index),3-year-old LXSS microscopic traits(the xylem,phloem,periderm and cortex of the taproot),and ginsenoside content[ginsenoside-Rg1,-Re,-Rf,-Rb1,-Rg2,-Rc,-Rb2,-Rb3,-Rd,protopanaxatriol(PPT),protopanaxadiol(PPD)and total amount of 9 ginsenosides].The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)was combined with to analyze allelochemical substances,and the relevant literature was also consulted to screen allelopathic substances.Results The L.kaempferi soil water extract had a significant allelopathic inhibitory effect on the germination index of LXSS;allelopathy would lead to rotten lesions occurred in the main root and enhanced suberization degree of taproot cortex of LXSS;the allelopathic effect significantly promoted the accumulation of ginsenoside content.Conclusion Through the analysis of the results and literature review,it was considered that phloretin and other five substances might be the allelochemical substances of L.kaempferi on LXSS.Based on the above research results,considering factors such as the survival rate of LXSS,the properties of medicinal materials,labor costs,and pesticide residues,it was not recommended to use pure forest of L.kaempferi for producing high-quality LXSS.

关 键 词：日本落叶松 土壤浸提液 林下山参 化感作用 液质联用 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]