整体式催化剂的制备及其催化净化发动机尾气的研究进展  

Research Progress on Preparation of Monolithic Catalysts and Catalytic Purification of Engine Exhausts

作　　者：陈思源 高思宇 周生冉 张春雷 于迪 于学华 赵震 CHEN Siyuan;GAO Siyu;ZHOU Shengran;ZHANG Chunlei;YU Di;YU Xuehua;ZHAO Zhen(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China;College of Science,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学化学化工学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]中国石油大学(北京)理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2024年第7期603-626,共24页Materials China

基　　金：国家科技部重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3506200,2022YFB3504100);国家自然科学基金资助项目(22072095,22372107,U1908204);辽宁省优秀青年基金资助项目(2022-YQ-020);辽宁省兴辽英才青年拔尖人才计划项目(XLYC2203007);中国-中东欧国家高校联合教育项目(2021097);沈阳市科技计划项目(22-322-3-28)。

摘　　要：随着世界工业规模的不断扩大以及社会的不断发展,越来越多的发动机应用于工业生产中,但发动机排放的尾气造成的环境污染问题也越来越严峻。如何将发动机尾气污染物消除或净化逐渐成为研究热点。目前,催化净化技术是处理大气污染物最有效、应用最广泛的技术之一。如何将开发的粉体催化剂有效地应用到汽车尾气催化净化器并实现工业化应用,其中最关键的因素是整体式催化剂的研发。介绍了整体式催化剂常用的制备工艺,如溶胶-凝胶法、水热法、浸渍法等,并对相关的制备原理进行了描述;同时,对整体式催化剂催化净化发动机尾气如一氧化碳(CO)、氮氧化物(NO_(x))、碳氢化合物(HC)及炭烟颗粒(PM)等的研究进展进行了详细的介绍;最后,对整体式催化剂在催化净化发动机尾气污染物中存在的问题和未来发展趋势进行了总结和展望。With the continuous expansion of the worlds industrial scale and the continuous development of society,engines have been applied in industrial production increasingly.However,the environmental pollutions caused by engine exhaust emissions are also becoming serious.How to eliminate or purify engine exhaust pollutants has become a research hotspot.At present,catalytic purification technology is one of the most effective and widely used technologies for the treatment of air pollutants.How to effectively apply the developed powder catalysts to the automobile exhaust catalytic purifier and achieve industrial application,the most key factor is the development of monolithic catalysts.In this paper,the common preparation processes of monolithic catalysts were introduced,such as sol-gel method,hydrothermal method,impregnation method,etc.,and the related preparation principles were also described.Meanwhile,the research progress on monolith catalysts for catalytic purification of main pollutants in engine exhausts,such as carbon monoxide(CO),nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)),hydrocarbons(HC),and soot particles,were reviewed in detail.Finally,the problems and development trends of the monolithic catalyst for the catalytic purification of engine exhaust pollutants were summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：整体式催化剂 制备工艺 发动机尾气 催化净化 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学] X701[理学—化学]