爆破扰动作用下巷道围岩微破裂时空演化规律研究  

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Microcracks in Surrounding Rocks of Roadway Under Blasting Disturbances

作　　者：孙晓刚 司英涛 薛田喜 景泮印 SUN Xiaogang;SI Yingtao;XUE Tianri;JING Panyin(Jiaojia Gold Mine,Shandong Gold Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yantai,Shanxong 261441,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司焦家金矿,山东莱州市261441 [2]东北大学深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第7期125-134,共10页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2021ZD36);国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFC3001301);国家自然科学基金项目(52174142,51974059)。

摘　　要：爆破扰动诱发深部金属矿巷道破坏频繁,开展爆破扰动诱发巷道围岩微破裂分布及扩展规律研究有助于支护参数优化。基于离散元数值计算软件和声发射监测技术,开展了爆破扰动诱发巷道围岩微破裂动态扩展数值模拟和室内试验研究,揭示了巷道围岩微破裂响应特征与应力和爆破扰动参数之间的关系。结果表明:主应力方向影响开挖损伤区的空间初始分布形态及主导裂纹类型,爆破扰动促使微破裂快速扩展和贯通,加剧巷道围岩损伤;当扰动波波长与洞径比约为1时,巷道迎爆侧区域裂纹扩展程度显著大于其他区域。在缺少径向应力约束或者径向约束较小时,爆破扰动应力波容易导致主应力方向和迎爆侧区域的岩体发生拉伸破裂。在确定深部巷道支护措施时,应综合考虑应力分布特征和爆破扰动参数引起的破裂响应特征差异性,制定相适应的支护参数。Roadway failure triggered by repeated blast disturbances is a common phenomenon in deep metal mines.Investigation on the development of microcracks in the surrounding rock around the roadway is helpful in optimizing the support parameters.In this study,the numerical simulation and experimental study of the dynamic expansion of microcracks were performed by using discrete element software and acoustic emission(AE)monitoring technology,respectively.The relationships between the microcracks response characteristics of the surrounding rocks around the roadway with the stress distribution and blasting disturbance parameters were revealed.The results show that the direction of the principal stress affects the initial spatial distribution of the excavation damage zone and the dominant crack types.In addition,blast disturbance mainly promotes the expansion and penetration of the microcracks,aggravating the damage to the roadway.Especially,where the ratio of the length of the waveform to the span of the roadway is approximately l,the degree of microcrack extension in the sidewalls facing the blast is significantly greater than that in other areas.In the absence of radial stresses or under small radial constraints,the blast disturbance stress waves can easily lead to tensile fracture in the direction of the principal stress and the sidewalls facing the blast.Therefore,when determining the support measures for deep roadways,the differences in crack response characteristics caused by stress distribution and blast disturbance parameters should be considered comprehensively.

关 键 词：爆破扰动 巷道 离散元 声发射 微破裂 

分 类 号：TD322.4[矿业工程—矿井建设]