金川二矿区采场震源精细定位与时空演化规律研究  

Study on Source Fine Location and Spatial-Temporal Evolution Law of Stope in Jinchuan No.2 Mining Area

作　　者：陈仲杰[1,2] 闭水劲 董陇军 杨龙斌[2] CHEN Zhongjie;BI Shuijing;DONG Longjun;YANG Longbin(No.2 Mining Area of Jinchuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinchang,Gansu 737100,China;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]金川集团股份有限公司二矿区,甘肃金昌市737100 [2]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第7期135-141,共7页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：针对井下复杂生产环境下,微震信号易受机械振动、岩石破碎等干扰信号影响,波形复杂,定位精度差等问题,提出了一种自动到时拾取方法(Wavelet-STA/LTA-AIC picker,WSA法)。该方法使用离散小波变换技术(DWT)、长短时窗均值比法(STA/LTA)以及Akaike信息准则(AIC),结合时域和频域上P波到达的特征信息,以获取准确的P波到时。在金川二矿区采场开展了30组人工触发的敲击事件,并进行采场震源精细定位验证。结果表明,与其他到时拾取方法相比,WSA法的平均定位误差与标准差均最小,分别为12.58 m和12.25 m,具有更好的准确性与鲁棒性,能够为采场复杂采矿环境提供更为准确和可信的定位结果。采用WSA法对该矿区的微震事件定位,得出震源的分布与爆破事件呈现出时空相关性,且震源在充填体顶板的非爆破区域也有集中分布的结论。Aiming at the problems of microseismic signals being easily affected by mechanical vibration,rock fragmentation and other interference signals,and having complex wave forms and poor positioning accuracy in complex underground production environments,the WSA(Wavelet STA/LTA-AIC picker)method,which was an automatic arrival time pickup method,was proposed.In this method,discrete wavelet transform(DWT),long short time window mean ratio method(STA/LTA),and Akaike information criterion(AIC)were used combined with the characteristic information of P-wave arrival time and frequency domains,so as to obtain accurate P-wave arrival time.30 sets of manually triggered impact events were carried out in Jinchuan No.2 mining area for fine positioning verification of the mining source.The results show that compared with other arrival time pickup methods,the WSA method has the smallest average positioning error and standard deviation,with 12.58 m and 12.25 m,respectively.It has a better accuracy and robustness,and can provide more accurate and reliable positioning results for complex mining environments.The WSA method was used to locate microseismic events in this mining area,and it was concluded that the distribution of seismic sources and explosion events exhibit spatial-temporal correlation,and the seismic sources are also concentrated in the non blasting area of the filling roof.

关 键 词：震源精细定位 到时拾取 时空演化 微震监测 复杂采矿环境 

分 类 号：TD326[矿业工程—矿井建设]