生物材料抗凝血策略的研究进展  

Advances in anti-thrombogenetic strategies of biomaterials

作　　者：刘晨[1,2] 张凌 付平[2] 刘壮[1] LIU Chen;ZHANG Ling;FU Ping;LIU Zhuang(School of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,P.R.China;Department of Nephrology and Institute of Kidney Diseases,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院肾脏内科/肾脏病研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《华西医学》2024年第7期1028-1035,共8页West China Medical Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2411800);四川省科学技术厅重点研发项目(2023YFG0211)。

摘　　要：临床中使用接触血液的生物材料进行治疗时,材料表面血栓的形成将影响生物材料的使用寿命及患者的生存预后。而抗凝、抗血小板等药物的使用则增加了患者全身出血的风险。构建出具备抗凝血性能的生物材料,在材料局部实现抗凝,有助于解决上述问题。基于材料表面血栓形成的主要机制,抗凝血生物材料的研发策略可大致分为改变材料理化性质、构建固定/释放活性物质的涂层、材料表面内皮化三大类。由于材料表面血栓形成的机制复杂且相互影响,单一机制构建的抗凝血生物材料往往性能并不理想。多机制协同干预有助于构建出抗凝血性能更优越的生物材料。The presence of thrombus on the surface of blood-contacting biomaterials in clinical practice can significantly impact both the longevity of the biomaterials and the overall survival prognosis of patients.The administration of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications may heighten the risk of systemic bleeding.Developing biomaterials with anti-thrombogenetic properties and enabling localized anti-thrombosis may offer a solution to these challenges.The development strategies for anti-thrombogenetic biomaterials can be categorized into three main approaches based on the mechanisms of thrombus formation on biomaterial surfaces:altering physical and chemical properties,designing coatings containing or releasing active substances,and promoting endothelialization.However,due to the intricate and interconnected nature of these mechanisms,biomaterials constructed using a single approach may not effectively prevent thrombus formation.The collaborative intervention of various mechanisms can facilitate the development of biomaterials with enhanced blood compatibility.

关 键 词：抗凝血生物材料 改性 活性物质 内皮化 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]