湖北省五城市城乡居民生命质量及其影响因素研究  

A Study on the quality of life and its influencing factors of urban and rural residents among five cities of Hubei Province

作　　者：雷晓盛 徐爱军 周利琴 LEI Xiao-sheng;XU Ai-jun;ZHOU Li-qin(School of Management,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan,Hubei 430060,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学管理学院,湖北武汉430060 [2]南京中医药大学护理学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第14期2535-2540,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖北省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(20ZD054)。

摘　　要：目的探讨居民生命质量及其影响因素,运用Shapley法分析各影响因素对生命质量的贡献度,为相关政策的制定提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法于2021年7-8月对湖北省五城市城乡居民进行问卷调查,依据SF-12量表调查居民的生命质量,用多元回归模型和Shapley分解法分析生命质量影响因素及其贡献程度。结果共调查1387人,调查地区居民的生理健康(Physical Component Summary,PCS)得分为71.04±17.43,心理健康(Mental Component Summary,MCS)得分为75.70±12.51。年龄≥60(β=-6.073)、就业情况(离退休(β=-12.752),无业(β=-7.292))、个人年收入(5~10万(β=3.516),>10万(β=6.169))、无慢性病史(β=9.202)、很少锻炼(β=-3.182)对居民生理健康产生显著影响(P<0.05),在婚(β=2.106)、就业情况(离退休(β=-6.788),无业(β=-5.174))、个人年收入>10万(β=3.842)、无医保(β=-4.455)、无慢性病史(β=3.450)、很少锻炼(β=-2.056)对居民心理健康有显著影响(P<0.05)。影响PCS的变量按贡献率排序为慢性病史(32%)、年龄(25%)、就业情况(24%)、个人年收入(12%)、每周锻炼(7%);对MCS贡献率较大的因素依次为就业情况(35%)、慢性病史(21%)、个人年收入(18%)、每周锻炼(12%)。结论湖北部分地区居民整体生命质量良好,就业情况、慢性病史、年收入和每周锻炼是居民生命质量的主要影响因素。提高收入水平,加强慢性病防控,促进健康生活方式,有助于居民生命质量的提高。Objective To analyze the quality of life(QOL)and its related factors among residents,and to explore the contribution of each factors to QOL by Shapley method,so as to provide references for health policy making.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted in 5 cities of Hubei Province from July to August 2021 by stratified random sampling to measure the QOL of 1387 residents according toSF-12 scale,multivariate regression model and Shapley decomposition method were applied to analyze the influencing factors and its contribution to QOL.Results The scores of residents’physical component summary(PCS)and mental component summary(MCS)were 71.04±17.43 and 75.70±12.51 respectively.Age≥60(β=-6.073),employment status(retirement(β=-12.752),unemployed(β=-7.292)),annual income(50000-100000 Yuan(β=3.516),>100000 Yuan(β=6.169)),no chronic disease history(β=9.202),and no physical exercise(β=-3.182)had significant effects on PCS(P<0.05),whereas married(β=2.106),employment status(retirement(β=-6.788),unemployed(β=-5.174)),personal annual income>100000 Yuan(β=3.842),without medical insurance(β=-4.455),no chronic disease history(β=3.450)and no physical exercise(β=-2.056)had significant effects on MCS(P<0.05).Shapley decomposition results showed that employment,chronic medical history and income were the main influencing factors of residents’quality of life.The variables contributing to PCS were chronic disease history(32%),age(25%),employment status(24%),income(12%)and weekly exercise(7%).The factors mainly contributing to MCS were employment status(35%),chronic disease history(21%),income(18%),weekly exercise(12%).Conclusion The overall quality of life of residents in survey areas of Hubei is good.Employment status,chronic disease history,income and weekly exercise are main influencing factors of residents’quality of life.Increasing income levels,strengthening chronic disease management,and improving health behaviors may improve residents’quality of life.

关 键 词：SF-12量表 生命质量 影响因素 Shapley分解法 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]