不同菜心品种对软腐病的抗性鉴定  

Identification of Resistance of Different Varieties of Flowering Chinese Cabbage to Soft Rot Disease

作　　者：李桂花[1] 陆梦婷 符梅 郭巨先[1] 罗文龙 骆善伟 欧德意 李光光 LI Guihua;LU Mengting;FU Mei;GUO Juxian;LUO Wenlong;LUO Shanwei;OU Deyi;LI Guangguang(Vegetable Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/广东省蔬菜新技术研究重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华南农业大学植物保护学院,广东广州510642 [3]广州市农业科学研究院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第6期89-95,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2023-NBH-00-008,2022-NJS-03-001);广州市科技计划项目(2023B03J1270)。

摘　　要：【目的】近年来,随着菜心栽培面积扩大和重茬现象的出现,菜心病害逐年加重,其中软腐病是危害菜心的主要病害之一,严重影响其产量和品质。通过接种软腐病病菌对菜心品种进行抗病性评价,以期筛选出抗病品种。【方法】采集具有典型软腐症状的菜心病样,通过组织分离、形态学和分子生物学方法进行鉴定,获得软腐病病菌。以52份不同菜心品种为试验材料,采用苗期喷雾接种法进行接种:用刀片在菜心茎部轻划2个约5mm刀口,使用小型手持喷雾器将1×108CFU/mL菌液喷到伤口表面,接种完成后3 d,测定病情指数和软腐病分级,评价52份菜心品种的软腐病抗性水平。【结果】经组织分离得到分离物,经柯赫氏法则验证菌落形态特征、16S rDNA序列分析表明,菌株为菜心软腐病致病菌,在NA培养基上形成的菌落呈圆形、半透明、乳白色、中心突起、边缘平滑,能使菜心的组织腐烂,接种于菜心苗后叶片呈湿腐萎蔫症状。52份材料中,大多数菜心品种对软腐病的抗性存在显著差异,其中,高感材料35份、感病材料16份,整体而言,高感或感病材料占98.1%;中抗材料1份(丰裕4号菜心);无高抗或免疫品种。上述结果表明,52份菜心品种中抗软腐病的材料较少,这可能是广东省菜心软腐病发病较严重的原因之一。【结论】52份菜心品种中,软腐病高感或感病材料占98.1%;中抗材料1份;无高抗或免疫品种,可为选育和推广抗软腐病的菜心品种提供科学依据。【Objective】In recent years,with the expansion of the cultivation area of flowering Chinese cabbage and the emergence of repeated cropping,soft rot diseases are increasing year by year,among which soft rot bacterial is one of the main diseases that harm the yield and quality of flowering Chinese cabbage severely.The study aims to evaluate the resistance of different varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage to soft rot disease in order to screen disease-resistant varieties.【Method】Samples of flowering Chinese cabbage with typical soft rot symptoms were collected,and the soft rot pathogens were identified by tissue isolation,morphology and molecular biology methods.Fifty-two different varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage were used as experimental materials,and the spray inoculation method was used for inoculation during seedling period:two edges of about 5 mm were lightly scratched on the stem of flowering Chinese cabbage with a blade,and 1×108 CFU/mL bacterial solution was sprayed onto the wound surface with a small hand-held sprayer.The disease index and soft rot grading were measured 3 d after the inoculation,and the resistance level of 52 flowering Chinese cabbage varieties was evaluated.【Result】The isolates were obtained by tissue isolation.The colony morphological characteristics verified by Koch’s rule and 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the strain was a pathogenic bacterium caused by soft rot,and the colonies formed on NA medium were circular,translucent,milky white,with a central protrusion and smooth edges,which could make the tissues of flowering Chinese cabbage rotten,and the leaves showed wet rot and wilting symptoms after inoculation in flowering Chinese cabbage seedlings.Among the 52 materials,There were significant differences in the resistance of most varieties of flowering Chinese cabbage to soft rot.Among the 52 materials,35 were highly susceptible,16 were susceptible,1 was intermediate resistant,and no variety showed high resistance or immunization.In general,susceptible var

关 键 词：菜心 软腐病 喷雾接种法 病情指数 软腐病分级 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S436[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]