吸气预冷发动机预冷换热芯体仿生结构设计发展趋势与展望  

Development trends and prospects of biomimetic structure design for precooled heat exchange cores of aspirated precooled engines

作　　者：王晓放[1] 董永林 蒋顺林 张志刚[2] 鲁业明 WANG Xiaofang;DONG Yonglin;JIANG Shunlin;ZHANG Zhigang;LU Yeming(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Beijing Power Machinery Research Institute,Beijing 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学能源与动力学院,大连116024 [2]北京动力机械研究所,北京110000

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2024年第4期27-38,共12页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

基　　金：JW基础加强项目(2021-JCJQ-JJ-0227);中国航天基金会空天动力公益专项基金项目(KDJJ20230102001);辽宁省应用基础研究计划(2023JH2/101600031);国家自然科学基金(52005073)。

摘　　要：现有超高声速飞行器预冷组合循环发动机空气预冷器内部一般由多组微细管束组成,工作过程中存在流致振动大、加工要求高等问题,因此,有必要对预冷器换热芯体进行改型设计,并对其开展进一步的流动换热研究。本文首先分析了基于仿生分形的预冷器换热芯体改型需求;然后梳理了仿蜂巢分形、树状分形与生物表面混合结构在新型预冷芯体强化换热上的应用,以及仿生物体凹凸表面结构、疏水结构在降低预冷芯体内通道表面流阻、抑制结霜上的应用,给出了3种可适用于空天领域的“筒状”仿生预冷换热芯体设计案例;最后总结并展望了仿生微通道换热结构与预冷器换热芯体设计结合的发展前景。The air precoolers of existing pre-cooled combined cycle engines for hypersonic aircraft are generally composed of multiple sets of micro tube bundles,and there are problems such as high flow induced vibration and high processing requirements during the working process.Therefore,it is necessary to redesign the heat exchange core of the precooler and conduct further flow heat transfer research on it.The modification demand of precooler heat exchange core based on biomimetic fractals is analyzed,and its applications of honeycomb-like fractals,treelike fractals,and mixed structures on biological surfaces are sorted out,so as to the biomimetic concave-convex surface structures and hydrophobic structures applied to reduce surface flow resistance and suppress frosting.Three design examples of “cylindrical” biomimetic precooling heat exchange cores are given,which can be applied to the aerospace field.The development prospects of combining biomimetic microchannel heat exchange structures with precooler heat exchange core design are looked forward.

关 键 词：预冷器 换热结构 仿生分形 强化传热 流动减阻 

分 类 号：V235.21[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V231.1