某妇幼保健院43例儿童药物中毒临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of 43 Cases of Drug Poisoning in Children in a Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital

作　　者：查传芹 ZHA Chuang-qin(Tai′an Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital,Tai′an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市妇幼保健院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《海峡药学》2024年第7期85-88,共4页Strait Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的 通过分析我院儿童药物中毒病历,探讨儿童药物中毒特征,并提出相关防治措施。方法 对我院2017年1月1日~2023年8月31日,收治的儿童意外中毒病历,从年龄、性别、临床表现及就诊时间方面,进行回顾性分析。结果 在43例符合要求的病历中,男女患儿比例为1∶1,其中1~3岁幼儿占比最大,为37.21%;主要中毒药物类型为精神类用药,占18.60%,其次为心血管用药,占13.95%,误服两种以上药物的占6.98%。有28例存在临床中毒症状,中毒反应发生率65.12%。发生临床中毒症状的患儿多数从误服到就诊时间超过4 h,其中发生严重中毒症状的患儿就诊时间超过10 h。在28例明显中毒的患儿中,22例预后良好,4例预后欠佳,2例预后差,平均住院天数4.86天。结论 儿童误服药物致中毒可防可控,应针对不同原因采取有效防治措施避免误服发生。及时辨别误服药物,误服后采取紧急的抢救措施,能有效减少儿童严重中毒反应的发生甚至挽救生命。OBJECTIVE To analyze the medical records of pediatric drug poisoning in our hospital,explore the characteristics of pediatric drug poisoning,and propose relevant prevention and control measures.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of accidental poisoning in children admitted to our hospital from January 1,2017 to August 31,2023.RESULTS Among the 43 eligible medical records,the ratio of male to female children was 1∶1,Children aged 1-3 years account for the largest proportion(37.21%);The main types of toxic drugs were psychotropic drugs,accounting for 18.60%,followed by cardiovascular drugs,accounting for 13.95%,and 6.98%of patients mistakenly take two or more drugs.There were 28 cases with clinical poisoning symptoms,the incidence of poisoning reactions was 65.12%.Most children with clinical poisoning symptoms from accidental ingestion to seeking medical attention took more than 4 hours,and those severe poisoning symptoms took more than 10 hours.Among 28 children with obvious poisoning,22 children had a good prognosis,4 children not very well,and 2 children had a poor prognosis.The average length of hospital stay was 4.86 days.CONCLUSION Drug poisoning caused by accidental ingestion in children can be prevented and controlled,and effective prevention and control measures should be taken for different reasons to avoid accidental ingestion.Timely identification of medication ingestion and taking emergency rescue measures after ingestion can effectively reduce the occurrence of severe poisoning reactions in children and even save lives.

关 键 词：儿童 药物中毒 误服 防治 

分 类 号：R969.4[医药卫生—药理学]