微生物自修复混凝土载体材料研究进展  

Research Progress of Carrier Materials in Microbial Self-healing Concrete

作　　者：侯福星 白一鸣 沈頔 王剑云 HOU Fuxing;BAI Yiming;SHEN Di;WANG Jianyun(School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第13期80-94,共15页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178252)。

摘　　要：裂缝的存在会使混凝土性能逐渐退化,因此进行裂缝修复具有重要意义。基于微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(MICP)的自修复技术作为一种环境友好、长期可行的修复方法而备受关注。在自修复体系中,微生物矿化沉积能力直接决定自修复的效果,而载体则充当微生物“保护壳”的作用,为其新陈代谢提供足够的空间,载体材料的使用显著提高了微生物抵抗恶劣环境的能力,确保自修复效果的实现。本文评述了目前国内外应用于微生物自修复混凝土体系中载体材料的研究成果。对微生物自修复混凝土的工作机理进行阐述与总结,对多孔类载体、闭合类载体、纳米材料载体以及菌群自身充当载体等不同载体材料的研究进展进行了讨论与对比,分析了载体材料的专利转化以及工程应用,并指出当前存在的问题。最后,展望了载体材料在微生物自修复混凝土领域的应用前景,旨在为该技术的应用提供一定的指导和建议。The occurrence of micro-cracks can cause serious degradation of concrete performance.So crack repair is of great significance.The self-repair technology based on Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation(MICP)is an environmentally friendly,long-term feasible remediation method that has attracted much attentions.For microbial based self-healing concrete,the capacity of microbial mineralization directly determines the efficiency of self-healing.While the microbial carrier acts as a‘protective shell’to provide sufficient space for microbial metabolism,carrier materials have significantly increased the ability of microbial to withstand extreme environment,thus ensuring the realization of the self-repair effect.In this article,the research results of carrier materials used in microbial self-healing concrete systems at home and abroad are systematically introduced.The working mechanism of microbial self-healing concrete are expounded and summarized,the research progress of different carrier materials such as porous carrier,closed carrier,nano carrier materials,and bacteria themselves as carrier are discussed and compared,the patent conversion and engineering application of carrier materials are analyzed,and the existing problems are pointed out.Finally,the application prospects of different carrier materials in microbial based self-healing concrete are prospected,aiming to provide some guidance and suggestions for the application of this technology.

关 键 词：自修复机理 裂缝 微生物载体 多孔类载体 水凝胶 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]