暂堵剂用聚乳酸/聚乙醇酸复合纤维的制备及降解性能研究  

Study on Preparation and Degradation of PLA/PGA Composite Fiber for Temporary Plugging Agent

作　　者：吴鹏飞 崔华帅 朱金唐 史贤宁 崔宁 李杰 黄庆 WU Pengfei;CUI Huaishuai;ZHU Jintang;SHI Xianning;CUI Ning;LI Jie;HUANG Qing(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology,China Textile Academy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国纺织科学研究院有限公司,生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室,北京100025

出　　处：《材料导报》2024年第13期266-271,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(S2022ZPYFE0235)。

摘　　要：暂堵剂是石油气开采中增产的重要材料,随着环保要求的提高,可降解暂堵剂材料已成为当前石油气开采中的首选材料。聚乙醇酸作为降解速率最快且最简单的线性脂肪族聚酯,由其制成的可降解暂堵绳结已在石油气开采中得到应用。但聚乙醇酸存在降解速率快、货架期短等问题,大大限制了其产品的推广使用。本工作采用复合熔融纺丝法制备了以聚乳酸为皮层、聚乙醇酸为芯层的圆形截面皮芯复合纤维,研究了不同皮芯比例聚乳酸/聚乙醇酸复合纤维的形貌、降解性能、热性能和结晶性。结果表明:复合纤维在70℃下的溶解率“转折点”出现在降解6 h时,降解前6 h内,复合纤维的溶解率都在3%(质量分数)以内;降解6 h后,复合纤维的溶解率几乎呈线性升高,皮芯比例为20/80的复合纤维降解24 h后,溶解率可以达到23.2%。扫描电镜照片显示,复合纤维降解24 h后,聚乳酸层厚度越小,纤维降解程度越高,在皮芯比例为20/80的复合纤维中,聚乳酸层大量开裂,造成芯层的聚乙醇酸沿纤维轴向降解断裂成小段。热性能结果显示,聚乳酸结晶度随降解时间延长而增大,而聚乙醇酸结晶度随降解时间延长先增大后减小。广角X射线衍射结果显示,复合纤维中聚乙醇酸晶粒尺寸较小,尤其是c轴长度仅为约34 nm。纤维强度保持率和降解液的pH值都与皮层厚度成正比。本工作为暂堵剂制备提供了新途径。Temporary plugging agent is an important material for increasing production in oil and gas exploitation.With the improvement of environmental protection requirements,biodegradable temporary plugging agent material has become the preferred material in current oil and gas exploitation.Polyglycolic acid is the simplest linear aliphatic polyester with the fastest degradation rate.The degradable temporary plugging knot made of polyglycolic acid has been applied in oil and gas exploitation.However,polyglycolic acid has some problems,such as fast degradation rate and short shelf life,which greatly limit its application.In this work,the sheath-core composite fiber with‘O’profile was prepared by composite melt spinning method with poly(lactic acid)as the sheath and poly(glycolic acid)as the core layer.The morphology,degradation,thermal properties and crystallinity of the composite fibers with different sheath/core ratios were studied.The results showed that the‘turning point’of the dissolution rate of composite fibers at 70℃was at 6 h of degradation.Before this point,the dissolution rate of composite fibers was within 3wt%,and then,the dissolution rate of composite fibers was almost increased linearly.After,the dissolution rate of composite fibers with sheath/core ratio of 20/80 could reach 23.2%after 24 h of degradation.The scanning electron microscope photos showed that after 24 h of degradation,the smaller the thickness of the polylactic acid layer,the higher the degree of fiber degradation.In the composite fiber with a sheath/core ratio of 20/80,the polylactic acid layers cracked,causing the polyglycolic acid in the core layer to degrade and break into small segments along the fiber axis.The results of thermal properties showed that the crystallinity of polylactic acid increased with degradation time,while the crystallinity of polyglycolic acid increased first and then decreased with degradation time.The results of wide-angle X-ray diffraction showed that the grain size of polyglycolic acid is small,especial

关 键 词：聚乳酸 聚乙醇酸(PGA) 皮芯复合纤维 暂堵剂 降解性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]