湖南大围山鸟兽物种多样性红外相机监测  

Camera-trapping monitoring on species diversity of mammals and birds in Dawei Mountain,Hunan Pro-vince,China

作　　者：罗堯 潘丹 李佳琦 张冰 任静 杨道德[1] LUO Yao;PAN Dan;LI Jiaqi;ZHANG Bing;REN Jing;YANG Daode(Institute of Wildlife Conservation,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Nanjing In-stitute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China,Nanjing 210042,China;Hunan Provincial Institute of Agriculture,Forestry and Industry Inventory and Planning,Chang-sha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学野生动植物保护研究所,长沙410004 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [3]湖南省农林工业勘察设计研究总院,长沙410007

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2024年第7期2239-2246,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：环保公益专项生物多样性观测子课题(2017-HN-001);湖南省林业局2022年中央财政提前批林业改革发展资金项目(2022-2130211-001)资助。

摘　　要：红外相机技术已成为野生动物资源监测、行为模式分析等方面的重要研究方法。湖南浏阳大围山省级自然保护区作为长沙市唯一的省级自然保护区,同时又是国家森林公园,拥有丰富的生物多样性资源,是重要的科研和教学实习基地。2017年3月—2018年12月,利用公里网格抽样调查法,在位于罗霄山脉支脉的湖南大围山(湖南浏阳大围山省级自然保护区和相邻的浏阳市张坊镇)共设立3个面积均为20 km^(2)的样地,每个样地安装20台红外相机,对大中型兽类和林下鸟类物种多样性进行了监测,累计获得33375个相机工作日,鸟类和兽类的独立有效照片分别为5269张、4863张。共监测到兽类4目10科15种,鸟类7目23科54种。其中,白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti)为国家一级重点保护野生动物;白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)、豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)和斑林狸(Prionodon pardicolor)等10种为国家二级重点保护野生动物;斑林狸为罗霄山脉首次记录。物种相对多度指数(RAI)分析表明:RAI排在前三位的兽类分别是小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)、野猪(Sus scrofa)和猪獾(Arctonyx collaris);排在前三位的鸟类分别是白鹇、红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)和灰胸竹鸡(Bambusicola thoracicus)。通过红外相机监测,初步掌握了湖南大围山鸟兽资源现状,为自然保护区的科研与管理工作提供了可靠依据。Infrared camera-trapping technology is extensively used for monitoring wildlife resources and animal be-havioral patterns.As the single provincial nature reserve in Changsha and a national forest park,Dawei Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve in Liuyang,Hunan Province is rich in biodiversity resources,being an important base for scientific research and practice teaching.From March 2017 to December 2018,we employed the kilometer grid method to establish three 20-km^(2) plots to monitor large-and medium-sized mammals and understory birds with 60 infrared cameras in each plot in Liuyang Daweishan Provincial Nature Reserve and adjacent Zhangfang Town,Liu-yang,Hunan Province.We obtained 10132 independent photos of birds and animals over 33375 camera working days.There were 5269 independent photos of birds and 4863 independent photos of mammals.There were 54 spe-cies in 23 families and 7 orders of birds,as well as 15 species in 10 families and 4 orders of mammals.Among them,Syrmaticus ellioti is listed as Class I National Protected Wildlife in China,and 10 species including Lophura nycthemera,Chrysolophus pictus,Prionailurus bengalensis,and Prionodon pardicolor are listed as Class II National Protected Wildlife in China.Prionodon pardicolor was recorded for the first time in the Luoxiao Mountains.The top three mammal species in the relative abundance index were Muntiacus reevesi,Sus scrofa,and Arctonyx collaris.The top three bird species in the relative abundance index were Lophura nycthemera,Leiothrix lutea,and Bambusicola thoracicus.Our work provides preliminary information on the status of mammal and bird resources in the Dawei Mountain,providing a reliable basis for research and management of the reserve.

关 键 词：红外相机 鸟类 兽类 斑林狸 生物多样性监测 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TN219[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] S863[电子电信—物理电子学]