水环境中微塑料的来源分布及其分子光谱检测技术的研究进展  

Source and Distribution of Micro/Nanoplastics and Research Progress of Molecular Spectroscopy Detection Technique in Aquatic Environment

作　　者：肖铮 贺仪 苑林宏[1] 郭馨婧 陈汉清 XIAO Zheng;HE Yi;YUAN Linhong;GUO Xinjing;CHEN Hanqing(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2024年第8期1147-1156,共10页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171370);国家自然科学基金青年项目(82304132);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515010415);广州市科技计划项目2023年度市校(院)企联合资助项目(2023A03J0493);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2023C012YL)。

摘　　要：随着社会发展和人类日常活动的不断增加,水体中的微塑料污染问题日益严重,对水生生物及人类健康构成潜在威胁。为了有效监测和控制水环境中的微塑料污染,需要发展一种快速、准确和高效的检测技术。分子光谱技术作为一种无损检测方法,具有高灵敏度、高分辨率和高精度等优点,是检测和分析微塑料最常用方法之一,在水环境中微塑料含量和组成检测方面具有广阔的应用前景。因此对水环境中微塑料的来源分布及分子光谱技术在微塑料检测方面的应用研究进展进行综述,重点介绍显微红外光谱、拉曼光谱等技术在水环境中微塑料识别和定量分析方面的优势和局限性,并探讨未来研究的发展方向。With the development of society and the continuous increase of human daily activities,the problem of microplastic pollution in water is becoming increasingly serious,posing a potential threat to aquatic organisms and human health.To effectively monitor and control microplastic pollution in the water environment,a rapid,accurate,and efficient detection technology needs to be developed.As a non-destructive testing method,molecular spectroscopy has the advantages of high sensitivity,high resolution,and high precision.It is one of the most commonly used methods for the detection and analysis of microplastics and has broad application prospects in the detection of microplastic content and composition in water environment.In this paper,the source distribution of microplastics in a water environment and the application of molecular spectroscopy technology in the detection of microplastics were reviewed.The advantages and limitations of micro-infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and other technologies in the identification and quantitative analysis of microplastics in water environment were introduced,and the future research direction was discussed.

关 键 词：微塑料 分子光谱技术 显微红外光谱 拉曼光谱 水环境检测 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学] X82[理学—化学]