基于HY-2卫星数据的热带气旋风速和气压反演  

A retrieval method of tropical cyclone wind speed and sea level pressure based on HY-2 satellite data

作　　者：张有广[1,2] 贾永君 林明森[1,2] 马小峰 ZHANG Youguang;JIA Yongjun;LIN Mingsen;MA Xiaofeng(National Satellite Ocean Application Service,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫星海洋应用中心,北京100081 [2]自然资源部空间海洋遥感与应用重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《遥感学报》2024年第6期1588-1601,共14页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2021YFC3101502)。

摘　　要：基于HY-2卫星数据提出了主被动微波遥感联合观测热带气旋海面高风速和海面气压的方法。在海面风速观测方法中,利用与雷达高度计同步观测的校正辐射计获取的亮度温度信息来修正雷达高度计观测中受到的降雨影响,以此提升高风速观测能力。校正辐射计观测的降雨和海面粗糙度信息能够真实的反映在亮度温度中,结合雷达高度计观测的海面粗糙度信息,把校正辐射计观测亮温中的海面粗糙度信息剥离,将剩余的降雨信息等效为风速补偿到雷达高度计的原有海面风速观测中,进而得到海面高风速。在上述研究基础上,依据热带气旋期间气压差与风速差的比例关系,计算出中心气压。通过与预报和机载观测数据比对的结果表明:该方法能够实现热带气旋期间高风速的观测,HY-2卫星与预报数据和机载观测数据的均方根误差分别为1.3 m/s和1.0 m/s;海面气压均方根误差分别为5.5 hPa和4.6 hPa。同时,文中方法对于中低风速和中低风速条件下的海面气压也具备观测能力。Tropical cyclones are accompanied by different degrees of rainfall,which attenuates the remote sensing parameters obtained by the active microwave remote sensor to varying degrees,resulting in the underestimate of wind speed,and the wind speed above 30 m/s cannot be observed effectively.Based on the comprehensive consideration of the sensitivity of HY-2 satellite radar altimeter and calibration microwave radiometer to wind speed observation,this paper proposes a new method for the joint observation of tropical cyclone wind speed and sea level pressure based on HY-2 satellite active and passive microwave remote sensor,that is,the influence of rainfall on radar altimeter observation during typhoon is compensated by using the brightness temperature of calibration radiometer T18 channel,to improve the observation ability of high wind speed;Based on the effective observation of typhoon high wind speed and the relationship between typhoon central pressure difference and wind speed difference,an inversion method of sea surface pressure is proposed.The method can realize high-precision observation of wind speed above 50 m/s.The absolute error between the method and SFMR airborne observation data is within 2 m/s,and the RMSE is 1.0 m/s.The absolute errors of the proposed sea level pressure observation method compared with SFMR airborne observation data and CMA,JTWC and NHC are all within 10 hPa,and RMSE is 4.6 hPa,which proves the reliability of the method.At the same time,the method in this paper also has the ability to observe the sea level pressure under the condition of medium and low wind speed.Based on HY-2 satellite data,a method for active and passive microwave remote sensing to jointly observe tropical cyclone sea surface wind speed and pressure is presented.This method is suitable for satellite radar altimeter and correction microwave radiometer data,which can make up for the shortage of active microwave remote sensing payload observation ability under the condition of tropical cyclone rainfall,and has the abili

关 键 词：遥感 HY-2卫星 热带气旋 海面风速 海面气压 反演方法 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]