基层政策执行过程中的专班机制:基于典型案例的组织学分析  

Work Team Mechanism in Grassroots Policy Implementation Process:An Organizational Analysis Based on Typical Cases

作　　者：丁煌[1] 卫劭华 Ding Huang;Wei Shaohua(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Wuhan University,Wuhan,430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2024年第3期1-11,167,共12页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174155);国家社会科学基金重点项目(11AZZ004)。

摘　　要：现实中广泛存在的专班机制,体现了中国独具特色的国家治理智慧,是一个显见的研究增长点。政策执行过程中的专班机制是如何运行的?其背后体现了怎样的治理逻辑?基于组织分析的理性系统视角,结合Y区C镇典型案例的田野观察,本文尝试对专班机制进行理论化建构。研究发现,专班是地方政府为应对政策压力与资源紧张的结构性矛盾而创制的一个子组织机制。专班的运行过程内嵌于一个“制度层-管理层-任务层”的组织共同体之中,共同体内部各层次之间的互动配合实现了对专班的充分容纳和支持。组织规模的“小数效应”是专班得以高效运行的内在机理。通过提炼一个“组织共同体+‘小数效应’”的分析框架并与科层制理论展开对话,能够拓宽专班研究的知识图谱,阐释这种本土化执行机制的理论蕴涵与运作逻辑,进而丰富对中国政策执行特殊经验的理解和认识。The widespread existence of work team mechanisms in reality reflects China's unique governance wisdom and is an obvious increase topic of research. How does the work team mechanism operate during policy implementation process? What kind of governance logic is reflected during its operating? Based on the rational system perspective of organizational analysis and combined with in-depth field observations of typical cases in Town C, District Y, this article attempts to theoretically construct the work team mechanism. The study found that work team mechanism is a sub-organizational mechanism created by local governments to cope with the structural contradictions between policy pressure and resource constraints. The operation process of the work team mechanism is embedded in an organizational community of "institutional level-managerial level-technical level". And the interaction and cooperation between various levels within the community fully accommodate and support the work team mechanism. The "Effect of Small Numbers" of organizational scale is the internal logic for the efficient operation of the work team mechanism. At the same time, this logic provides some inspiration for breaking through the bureaucracy principles. By refining an analytical framework of "organizational community + effect of small numbers" and conducting a dialogue with the bureaucracy theory, it can broaden the knowledge map of the work team mechanism research, explain the theoretical implications and operation logic of this localized implementation mechanism, and enrich the understanding of China's unique policy implementation experience.

关 键 词：基层政策执行 工作专班 组织共同体 小数效应 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]