债权人代位权的程序构造  

Procedural Construction of the Creditor's Right of Subrogation

作　　者：朱虎[1,2] 雷志富 ZHU Hu;LEI Zhi-fu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院 [2]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心

出　　处：《北方法学》2024年第4期20-37,共18页Northern Legal Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“民法典多人债之关系及其诉讼构造研究”(21AFX017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：债权人代位权是在遵循保全、执行和破产规则的前提下,通过直接受偿的方式实现债权收取的债权实现制度,其与债权执行构成相互独立和互为补充的关系。代位权诉讼的诉讼标的不是被代位债权,而是代位权。代位权诉讼管辖可排除当事人管辖协议或仲裁协议的限制,但应受到专属管辖的限制。当存在仲裁协议时,当事人有权在首次开庭前申请仲裁,法院可以决定是否中止代位权诉讼。债务人属于法院应当追加的无独立请求权第三人;代位权诉讼系属中,债务人的处分权会受到相应限制,相对人可以主张自己对债务人的抗辩和代位权不成立的抗辩。代位权诉讼生效判决在债权人与相对人之间产生既判力,在债权人与债务人、债务人与相对人之间产生参加效。The creditor's right of subrogation is a system of realizing the collection of creditor's rights through the direct-discharge,under the premise of following the rules of civil preservation,enforcement and bankruptcy,which forms an independent and complementary relationship with the garnishment.In the litigation of subrogation,the subject matter of the litigation is not the subrogated claim,but the right of subrogation.The jurisdiction of the litigation of subrogation may exclude the jurisdiction or arbitration agreement of parties but shall be subject to exclusive jurisdiction;when there is an arbitration agreement,the parties have the right to apply for arbitration before the first hearing and the court may decide whether to suspend the litigation of subrogation.The debtor is a third party without independent claim that should be added by the court,and in the subrogation lawsuit,the debtor's right of disposition will be restricted accordingly,and the counterparty can assert its own defense against the debtor and the defense that the subrogation right is not established.The effective judgment of a subrogation lawsuit produces res judicata between the creditor and the counterparty,and has the effect of participation between the creditor and the debtor,and between the debtor and the counterparty.

关 键 词：债权人代位权 诉讼标的 当事人诉讼地位 判决效力 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]