煤矿废水中正十八烷降解菌C1801的分离鉴定及降解特性  

Isolation,identification and degradation characteristics of n⁃octadecane degrading bacterium C1801 in coal mine wastewater

作　　者：周颖[1] 张维燕 龙燕[1] ZHOU Ying;CHEONG Weiyen;LONG Yan(College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《生物资源》2024年第3期283-288,共6页Biotic Resources

基　　金：武汉大学本科教育质量建设综合改革项目(2023ZG115);武汉大学实验技术项目(WHU-2021-SYJS-08);武汉大学创新创业中心建设项目。

摘　　要：正十八烷是难以被降解的长链烷烃,会对环境、水生生物及人类健康造成危害,而利用生物降解法可以有效地去除正十八烷。从中国陕西神木某煤矿处理厂的煤矿废水水样中分离出正十八烷降解菌C1801,根据菌株形态特征观察、革兰氏染色以及16S rDNA基因序列的同源性分析,鉴定其为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia),并探究了其对正十八烷的适宜降解条件以及对其他长链烷烃的降解能力。结果表明,在以正十八烷为唯一碳源环境中培养8 d后,C1801对800mg/L的正十八烷的降解率达到了92.45%。C1801菌株降解正十八烷的最适温度为35℃,最适pH值为9.0,底物浓度最高耐受范围为1000 mg/L,最适宜的接种量为10%。此外,结果显示C1801菌株对正二十五烷、正二十一烷及正二十烷这些长链烷烃亦具有降解能力。N⁃octadecane is a long⁃chain alkane that is difficult to be degraded and can pose a risk to the environment,aquatic organisms and human health.It can be effectively removed by biodegradation.Strain C1801 was isolated from the coal mine wastewater sample of a coal mine treatment plant in Shenmu,Shaanxi,China,and identified as Stenotroph⁃omonas maltophilia based on morphological characteristics,Gram staining and homology analysis of 16S rDNA gene se⁃quences.The degradation of n⁃octadecane by strain C1801 and its degradation characteristics,and degradation of other long⁃chain alkanes by strain C1801 were investigated by using an indoor culture method.The results showed that the deg⁃radation rate of n⁃octadecane(800mg/L)reached 92.45%after 8 d in an environment with n⁃octadecane as the sole carbon source.The optimum temperature for n⁃octadecane degradation was 35℃,the optimum pH was 9.0,the maximum tol⁃erance range of substrate concentration was 1000 mg/L,and optimum inoculum size was 10%.In addition,the results showed that strain C1801 was also able to degrade n⁃25,n⁃21 and n⁃20 alkanes.

关 键 词：嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌 正十八烷 分离鉴定 生物降解 

分 类 号：X74[环境科学与工程—环境工程]