清代台湾城市营建述论  

On the City Planning and Construction in Taiwan during the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：孙诗萌[1] Sun Shimeng

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院

出　　处：《台湾历史研究》2024年第3期1-18,共18页Taiwan History Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978360)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清代是台湾历史上的重要时期,也是两岸人民共同开发建设台湾的重要时期。康熙二十三年至光绪二十一年(1684一1895),台湾不仅发生建置提升、人口激增,还规划建设起16座府州县厅城市,成为当时全国治城体系中不容忽视的重要组成部分,并奠定了当代台湾城镇格局基础。这些城市的选址、规划、建设由祖国内地渡台官员和技术人员主持,由两岸人民共同参与,既遵循当时的官方规制和行业通法,也适应台湾山水条件和社会需求而有所创新,在中国历史上具有独特价值。本文梳理这些城市的建置历程,从选址、形态、配置三方面论述其主要特征,并尝试提出清代台湾城市营建的重要历史价值。The Qing dynasty was an essential period in Taiwan's history and a significant time during which people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits jointly developed and constructed the island.From the 23rd year of the Kangxi reign(1684)to the 21st year of the Guangxu reign(1895),as Taiwan's administrative status improved and its population increased,16 cities,including prefecture,subprefectural,and county-level cities,were planned and constructed,becoming indispensable parts of the national urban governance system at that time.These cities also laid the foundation for Taiwan's contemporary urban layouts.These cities'site selection,planning,and construction were overseen by officials and technicians who had crossed over from the mainland and carried out by people on both sides of the Straits.They followed the official regulations and industry standards of the time and also responded to local complex terrain and social demands,resulting in unique value in Chinese history.This article examines the establishment process of these cities and analyses the main characteristics of their site selection,city wall shaping,and functional facilities configuration.In addition,it highlights the important historical significance of city construction in Taiwan during the Qing dynasty.

关 键 词：清代台湾 治城体系 行政建置 城市营建 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K249[政治法律—中外政治制度]