磷石膏浮选脱色提纯工艺试验研究  

Experimental Study on Decolorization and Purification Process of Phosphogypsum by Flotation

作　　者：赖婧怡 李炜民 孙桦林 李防 汪凤玲[3] 魏以和[1] LAI Jingyi;LI Weimin;SUN Hualin;LI Fang;WANG Fengling;WEI Yihe(School of Resource and Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430060,China;Yidu Xingfa Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Yidu 443300,Hubei,China;Hubei Xingfa Chemicals Group Co.,Ltd.,Xingshan 443700,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,武汉430060 [2]宜都兴发化工有限公司,湖北宜都443300 [3]湖北兴发化工集团股份有限公司,湖北兴山443700

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第7期85-92,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3902703)。

摘　　要：磷石膏是湿法制取磷酸工艺中产生的副产物,是磷化工行业产生的大宗工业固废,对自然环境和经济发展造成了严重危害。由于磷石膏中含有可溶磷、可溶氟、有机质及石英等杂质,使其难以直接被大规模利用,因此需要选择合适的方法对磷石膏进行脱色提纯。为降低长江流域尤其是湖北省的磷石膏尾矿库的堆存风险,针对湖北宜昌某大型磷化工企业产生的磷石膏,研究了浮选法对磷石膏脱色提纯的影响,采用表面活性剂的复配对磷石膏进行增白和提纯,把不同类型的表面活性剂进行一定的组合复配后,得到复配后的混合物往往比原先单一组分的药剂在性能上更加优越,在试验时复配药剂产生增效加和的作用,更有利于磷石膏的脱色;再以十二胺作为捕收剂研究了磷石膏进一步浮选除杂提质的工艺,把重心放在增加精选次数上会更有效地获得符合预期指标的磷石膏精矿;最后确定了将磷石膏完成脱色提纯的药剂制度和浮选工艺。采用一次反浮选脱色流程,可以获得产率为90.88%、精矿白度为53.80%的浮选指标;通过“一反一正三精”的浮选工艺进行脱色提质,最终可获得产率为80.59%、精矿白度为60.80%、石膏纯度为99.32%的浮选指标。提纯后的磷石膏精矿达到企业要求的选别指标,为磷石膏的资源化利用提供了性价比更高的渠道。Phosphogypsum is a by-product produced in the wet-process of producing phosphoric acid,the largest industrial solid wastes in the phosphorus chemical industry and a potential hazard to the natural environment and economic development.Due to impurities such as the soluble phosphorus,soluble fluorine,organic matter,and quartz contained in phosphogypsum,it is difficult to directly utilize it on a large scale,it is necessary to select appropriate methods to decolorize and purify phosphogypsum.In order to reduce the storage risk of phosphogypsum tailings pond in the Yangtze River basin,especially in Hubei province,aiming at phosphogypsum generated by a large phosphorus chemical enterprise in Yichang,Hubei province was decolorized and purified by flotation method.Whitening and purification of phosphogypsum is carried out by using a mixture of surfactants.After certain combination of different types of surfactants,the mixture property of the compounded reagent is often better than that of the original single component reagent.The synergistic effect of the compounded reagent during the test is more conducive to the decolorization of phosphogypsum.Then the further flotation impurity removal and quality improvement process of phosphogypsum was studied with dodecylamine as the collector,and the focus would be on increasing the cleaning times to obtain phosphogypsum concentrate that meets the expected indicators more efficiently.Finally,the reagent system and flotation processing flowsheet for the decolorization and purification of phosphogypsum were determined.By using a single reverse flotation decolorization process,a flotation concentrate with a yield of 90.88%and a concentrate whiteness of 53.80%can be obtained.Through the flotation process of"one-reverse,one-direct and three-cleanings"for decolorization and quality improvement.The flotation target of 80.59%yield,60.8%whiteness,and 99.32%grade is obtained.The processed phosphogypsum has reached the target required by the enterprise,providing a costeffective channel for

关 键 词：磷石膏 浮选法 浮选药剂 工艺流程 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿] TD97