津巴布韦某铂族金属矿选矿技术研究  

Study on Recovery of Precious Metals from PGMs Polymetallic Ore in Zimbabwe

作　　者：丁亚文 方棋 赵国锋 DING Yawen;FANG Qi;ZHAO Guofeng(Hunan Tongju Chemical Co.,LTD.,Changsha 410006,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454003,Henan,China;Henan Coal Mine Machinery Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center,Jiaozuo 454003,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南同聚化工有限公司,长沙410006 [2]河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院,河南焦作454003 [3]河南省煤矿机械装备工程技术研究中心,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第7期110-118,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

摘　　要：津巴布韦某铂族金属矿主要含铂、钯、铑、金等多种贵金属,同时含大量顽火辉石等易浮脉石矿物。矿山原采用“两段磨矿+两段浮选”混合浮选综合回收多种铂族元素的工艺流程,采用抑制剂为羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、捕收剂为丁基黄药(SIBX)的药剂制度。由于开采条件的变化导致原矿性质发生了改变,选矿指标回收率出现了大幅度的下滑。针对矿石性质特点,对其赋存状态和嵌布特征进行了系统的分析和研究,探明了以铂、钯为主的有用矿物主要赋存于硫化物、砷化物等载体矿物之中,且嵌布粒度较细;另外由于矿石含有大量顽火辉石等易浮脉石矿物,且原药剂制度对有用矿物的综合回收难度较大。基于不改变矿山现有“二段磨矿+二段浮选”的选矿工艺原则,通过对抑制剂、捕收剂和活化剂的种类和用量进行优化,获得最佳选矿工艺参数。在最佳参数的条件下通过全流程试验可获得浮选精矿铂、钯、金、铑的品位分别为42.83、32.59、5.91、3.55 g/t,回收率分别为78.89%、77.71%、68.06%、75.60%的选别指标,选矿回收率相对于原药剂制度有了较大幅度的提高,该结果为选矿厂的生产优化提供了可靠的技术支撑。A platinum group metal ore in Zimbabwe contains mainly platinum,palladium,rhodium,gold and other precious metals,it also contains a large number of easy-to-float gangue minerals such as enstatite.The mine originally adopted the process of"two-stage grinding and two-stage flotation"bulk flotation to recover a variety of platinum group elements,the reagent system of carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)depressant and butyl xanthate(SIBX)collector was adopted.Due to the change of mining conditions,the properties of the raw ore have changed,and the recovery of mineral processing has declined significantly.According to the properties and characteristics of the ore,the occurrence state and distribution characteristics of the ore are systematically analyzed and studied,it was found that useful minerals,mainly platinum and palladium,mainly exist in carrier minerals such as sulfide and arsenide,and the distribution size is fine.In addition,the ore contains a large number of easy-to-float gangue minerals such as enstatite,and the recovery of minerals by the original reagent system is difficult.For the principle process of two-stage grinding and two-stage flotation,the optimal mineral processing parameters were obtained by optimizing the types and dosages of depressants,collectors and activators.Under the optimum parameters,a flotation concentrate containing Pt,Pd,Au and Rh with grades of 42.83,32.59,5.91 and 3.55 g/t and recoveries of 78.89%,77.71%,68.06%and 75.60%respectively can be obtained through the whole flowsheet test.Compared with the original reagent system,the recovery of mineral processing has been greatly improved,which provides a reliable technical support for the production optimization of the concentrator.

关 键 词：铂族元素 嵌布 解离 浮选药剂 回收率 

分 类 号：TD953[矿业工程—选矿]