书写多面的人文主义——以布鲁尼与马内蒂的希伯来语之争为视角  

On the Writing of the Multifaceted Humanism: From the Perspective of the Debates on Hebrew Between Leonardo Bruni and Giannozzo Manetti

作　　者：卢镇 Lu Zhen

机构地区：[1]山东大学历史学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《史学月刊》2024年第8期89-101,共13页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：山东省社科规划研究项目“前古典时代的东方文化与文艺复兴思想的建构研究”(23CLSJ13)。

摘　　要：长期以来,学者们在书写文艺复兴人文主义之时存在着一个重要的倾向,即将人文主义者界定为一个有组织的、统一的团体或力量,认为他们有着共同的政治倾向和理论基础。这就难免过于强调其共性而忽略其复杂性以及人文主义随着意大利经济、政治、社会的演变而发生的变迁,从而对人文主义产生一种偏颇或僵化的认识。布鲁尼和马内蒂都是佛罗伦萨著名的人文主义者,二人在15世纪中期围绕是否要学习希伯来语进行了一场论辩。论辩不仅揭示了人文主义的多面性即人文主义思想来源的多样性、复古与社会政治现实的复杂关系、人文主义在15世纪下半期的转向以及人文主义的阴暗面等问题,而且也为我们更为准确地理解文艺复兴和人文主义的性质,突破文艺复兴的西方现代化叙事,构建中国自主的文艺复兴知识体系提供了窗口。For a long time, scholars have an important tendency to define the humanists as an organized and unified group or force when writing about Renaissance humanism, thinking that they have a common political orientation and theoretical basis, which inevitably overemphasizes their commonality at the expenses of their complexity, and ignores the changes of humanism with the evolution of Italian economy, politics and society.As a result, a biased or rigid understanding of humanism emerges from this mindset.Bruni and Manetti, both prominent Florentine humanists, engaged in a debate in the mid-fifteenth century over whether to learn Hebrew.The debate not only reveals the multiple facets of humanism, namely, the diversity of the origins of humanism, the complicated relationship between the Renaissance and social-political realities, the turn of humanism in the second half of the fifteenth century and the dark side of humanism, but also provides a window for us to understand more accurately the nature of the Renaissance and humanism, to break through the Western modernization narrative of the Renaissance, and to construct a Chinese knowledge system on the Renaissance.

关 键 词：文艺复兴 人文主义 莱昂纳多·布鲁尼 詹诺佐·马内蒂 知识生产 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]