水淹式青贮装置的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of the flooded silage device

作　　者：罗杰 卢风勇 LUO Jie;LU Fengyong(Development Center of Ecological Animal Husbandry in Guanling Buyi and Miao Autonomous County,Guizhou Province,Anshun 561300,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省关岭布依族苗族自治县生态畜牧业发展中心,贵州安顺561300

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第8期45-48,共4页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：安顺市科技计划项目(安市科农重〔2021〕01号);贵州省农业农村厅项目(黔财农〔2021〕74号)。

摘　　要：[目的]为解决贵州省关岭县南方山地草地畜牧业使用窖池、扎捆青贮袋及裹包等青贮方式容易进气和密封效果欠佳的问题。[方法]基于连通器和液面压力差的原理,设计了1种大型塑料袋水淹式青贮装置,并与传统的扎捆袋和青贮池进行青贮效果对比,分析青贮饲料的感官品质、饲喂效果和发酵品质。[结果]该装置具备单向排气和完全密封功能,使青贮饲料在无氧状况下得以稳定贮存。水淹式装置青贮玉米颜色、气味明显优于扎捆袋青贮和青贮池青贮,表面无发霉现象,pH 3.85,属优级,牛只喜食。[结论]该青贮装置不仅有利于饲料长期保存,还便于运输和降本增效,适合在我国气候炎热、空气湿度大和地形地貌崎岖复杂的南方山区推广应用。[Objectives]The problems of easy air inlet and poor effectiveness of sealing in the use of silage methods including pits,bundled silage bags and wrapping in animal husbandry in the southern mountainous grasslands of Guanling County,Guizhou Province,were solved.[Methods]A large-scale flooded silage device with plastic bag was designed based on the principles of pressure difference between the connector and the level of liquid.The silage effect of the device designed was compared with that of the traditional bundled bag and silage pit.The quality of sensory,the effect of feeding,and the quality of fermentation in silage feed were analyzed.[Results]The device had one-way exhaust and complete functions of sealing,allowing stable storage of silage feed under anaerobic conditions.The color and odor of maize silage using a flooded device was significantly better than that of silage in bundled bag and pit.There was no mold on the surface,with pH of 3.85,belonging to the excellent grade.Cattle enjoyed eating it.[Conclusions]The silage device designed is not only beneficial for long-term preservation of feed,but also convenient for transportation,and reduction of cost and increase of efficiency.It is suitable for promotion and application in the southern mountainous areas of China,where the climate is hot,the humidity of air is high,and the terrain is rugged and complex.

关 键 词：关岭牛 南方山地草牧业 水淹式青贮装置 密封方法 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S817.11[农业科学—畜牧学]